Water Systems with Most Unresolved Health-Based Violations — 2026

U.S. community water systems ranked by the number of unresolved federal health-based drinking water violations in EPA's SDWIS enforcement records. Published alongside demographic context from the Census American Community Survey.

100 Systems
ranked
22,183 PWSIDs
with demographic data
2019-23 Census ACS
vintage
EPA v3 CWS service area
boundaries (March 2026)
How to read this list Systems are sorted by unresolved federal health-based violations in EPA's SDWIS enforcement records. Demographic context columns (% People of Color, % below 200% of Federal Poverty Level) are reported alongside but are not part of the ranking. The pairing lets readers independently examine equity patterns without conflating two separate questions. See the methodology page for data vintages and known limitations.

Out of 5,909 medium and large community water systems with sufficient data, these 100 utilities carry the most open federal health-based violations in EPA's enforcement records. The list is sorted by unresolved count; demographic context from the U.S. Census is shown in neighboring columns, but is not a ranking input.

RankWater SystemStatePop servedUnresolved health violationsHealth viol. (5yr)% PoC served% Below 200% FPLLast violation
1 City of Brady Water System Texas 4,964 94 112 39% 34% 2025-10-01
2 Muskogee Company RWD #5 Oklahoma 4,161 45 45 45% 43% 2025-10-01
3 Waukesha Water Utility Wisconsin 62,014 43 56 19% 19% 2024-10-01
4 Hugo Municipal Authority Oklahoma 4,293 43 46 45% 49% 2025-07-01
5 Town of Ferriday Water System Louisiana 3,553 32 36 57% 56% 2025-10-01
6 City of Lindsay California 10,929 32 33 86% 51% 2025-10-01
7 Southern Okla Water Corporation Oklahoma 9,998 32 32 35% 37% 2025-07-01
8 Tecumseh Utility Authority Oklahoma 4,826 31 31 28% 39% 2025-09-29
9 Coweta PWA Oklahoma 6,194 29 33 31% 27% 2025-10-01
10 Franklin Water Supply Louisiana 8,444 29 31 55% 45% 2025-06-21
11 Marshall County Rural Water District #2 Oklahoma 5,059 29 29 33% 41% 2025-07-01
12 Las Vegas (City of) New Mexico 14,345 27 46 84% 45% 2025-08-01
13 Lowndes Company-North Lowndes Company Ws Georgia 3,632 26 26 37% 32% 2025-07-01
14 Adamson RWD #8 Oklahoma 4,330 25 25 35% 40% 2024-10-01
15 Poteau PWA Oklahoma 6,674 24 25 30% 44% 2025-10-01
16 Orange County Wcid 1 Texas 10,436 22 22 12% 28% 2025-10-01
17 Okmulgee Company RWD #6 (Hectorville) Oklahoma 6,323 22 22 30% 27% 2025-04-01
18 Okmulgee Oklahoma 11,316 21 23 46% 48% 2025-10-01
19 City of Hughson California 6,241 21 21 44% 23% 2025-07-01
20 Pewaukee Village Waterworks Wisconsin 4,427 21 21 11% 11% 2025-11-19
21 Wagoner Company RWD #4 Oklahoma 24,876 20 29 33% 23% 2025-07-01
22 Belen Water System New Mexico 6,293 18 24 69% 45% 2025-12-21
23 Herkimer Village New York 3,517 18 19 10% 33% 2025-11-02
24 Inver Grove Heights Minnesota 21,108 18 18 25% 15% 2025-10-01
25 Kingfisher Oklahoma 4,655 17 17 25% 27% 2025-10-01
26 Altus Oklahoma 15,763 16 20 40% 39% 2025-04-01
27 Rogers Company RWD # 3 Lake Plant Oklahoma 24,464 16 16 30% 25% 2025-07-01
28 City of Jackson Mississippi 138,024 15 21 84% 50% 2025-04-01
29 Maxwell Special Utility District Texas 9,122 15 17 61% 38% 2025-04-01
30 R. C. Willis WTP (City of Palatka) Florida 7,653 15 15 38% 51% 2025-04-01
31 Baldwin County Georgia 4,179 14 18 48% 41% 2025-07-01
32 City of Dos Palos California 7,477 14 14 82% 52% 2025-07-01
33 Union County Water District Kentucky 4,668 13 16 13% 39% 2025-10-01
34 City of Lemoore California 25,315 13 13 63% 34% 2025-07-02
35 Camino Real Regional Utility Authority New Mexico 9,903 12 28 95% 61% 2025-01-01
36 Perry Water & Light Department Oklahoma 4,079 12 17 13% 32% 2025-07-01
37 Mcalester PWA Oklahoma 7,162 12 16 33% 40% 2025-10-01
38 City of Port Lavaca Texas 9,899 12 14 64% 32% 2025-10-24
39 Maysville Regional Water Ohio 4,161 11 16 11% 38% 2025-10-01
40 Mansfield Water System Louisiana 4,045 11 15 72% 60% 2025-03-01
41 Webb County Water Utilities Texas 7,513 11 14 98% 55% 2025-10-01
42 City of Bogalusa Water System Louisiana 7,294 11 12 43% 49% 2025-07-01
43 Grinnell Water Department Iowa 8,703 11 11 11% 26% 2025-04-01
44 Raleigh County Public Service District Arnett West Virginia 3,374 11 11 13% 43% 2025-11-06
45 Pender County Utilities North Carolina 7,645 10 13 34% 31% 2025-10-01
46 Mountain Water District Kentucky 27,012 10 10 5% 48% 2025-10-01
47 Leflore Company RWD #14 Oklahoma 7,353 10 10 31% 47% 2023-04-01
48 Mingo County Public Service District - Naugatuck West Virginia 4,110 10 10 5% 51% 2025-11-15
49 Tallulah Water System Louisiana 5,558 9 24 71% 62% 2025-07-02
50 Truth Or Consequences New Mexico 6,039 9 17 41% 57% 2025-11-30
51 Bethlehem Water District No 1 New York 13,972 9 13 13% 11% 2024-10-01
52 Lake Livingston Pineshadows East Texas 3,441 9 12 27% 36% 2025-05-01
53 City of Clyde Texas 3,424 9 12 21% 28% 2025-07-01
54 City of Marlin Texas 4,758 9 11 70% 57% 2025-10-01
55 Grambling Water System Louisiana 3,903 9 11 73% 69% 2025-11-18
56 Milltown W Department New Jersey 3,506 9 11 25% 16% 2026-01-01
57 Gbra Calhoun County Rural Water System Texas 4,431 9 10 64% 32% 2025-10-31
58 City of Jackson-Maddox Rd. Mississippi 10,350 9 9 50% 28% 2025-07-01
59 Pewaukee City Water and Sewer Utility Wisconsin 5,124 9 9 13% 12% 2025-10-01
60 Rayville Water System Louisiana 3,326 9 9 40% 49% 2025-10-01
61 Hudson Water Supply Corporation Texas 7,764 8 14 41% 38% 2025-10-01
62 Central Washington County Water Supply Corporation Texas 5,245 8 12 39% 28% 2025-07-01
63 Nyack Village Water Supply New York 11,609 8 10 41% 14% 2025-01-01
64 Comanche Company RWD #4 Oklahoma 4,938 8 9 31% 30% 2025-09-29
65 Battle Creek - Verona System Michigan 52,508 8 8 29% 38% 2025-10-01
66 Somerset Water Department Massachusetts 17,769 8 8 8% 11% 2023-07-01
67 Jefferson Company Cons RWD #1 Oklahoma 8,202 8 8 20% 40% 2023-01-01
68 Jefferson Waterworks Wisconsin 5,720 8 8 17% 19% 2024-10-01
69 City of Gladstone Oregon 5,305 8 8 22% 22% 2025-10-01
70 Badger Mountain Irrigation District Washington 3,802 8 8 27% 18% 2024-01-01
71 Shreveport Water System Louisiana 160,108 7 20 61% 45% 2025-10-01
72 Veolia Water New York New York 287,204 7 12 40% 30% 2025-07-01
73 Thomson-Mcduffie Co W&S Comm Georgia 6,884 7 12 51% 38% 2025-07-01
74 City of Perry Florida 3,793 7 11 30% 47% 2025-01-01
75 Edgecombe Water & Sewer District North Carolina 20,826 7 8 58% 40% 2025-07-01
76 Jefferson Twp W U Lk Hop New Jersey 4,611 7 8 30% 11% 2025-10-11
77 Town of Haughton Water System Louisiana 3,872 7 8 25% 41% 2025-08-16
78 Watertown City New York 24,285 7 7 18% 36% 2025-12-01
79 Milltown-Washburn Water Users Arkansas 4,729 7 7 13% 30% 2023-04-01
80 Tracy City Water System Tennessee 3,851 7 7 6% 36% 2025-10-01
81 City of Gladewater Texas 3,621 6 13 28% 35% 2025-11-17
82 Berryville, Town of Virginia 4,145 6 9 16% 17% 2025-01-01
83 City of Nederland Texas 17,150 6 8 23% 26% 2025-10-01
84 Wilderness Virginia 3,301 6 8 27% 13% 2024-10-01
85 Lincoln Park Water Department New Jersey 5,115 6 7 27% 13% 2025-10-01
86 Riverside Special Utility District Texas 3,645 6 7 47% 44% 2025-10-01
87 Calcasieu Parish Ww District No 4 Louisiana 3,620 6 7 18% 35% 2025-12-06
88 Aiken City of (0210001) South Carolina 42,344 6 6 37% 31% 2021-07-01
89 Lake Utility Services Inc. North (8 Wps) Florida 32,389 6 6 45% 23% 2022-05-01
90 Bryan County Rural Water District #5 Oklahoma 7,648 6 6 33% 42% 2023-01-01
91 Hartsville-Trousdale W&S U.D. Tennessee 6,326 6 6 17% 25% 2025-01-01
92 City of Avenal California 4,483 6 6 92% 58% 2024-10-17
93 Village Water System Louisiana 7,222 5 19 29% 43% 2024-07-01
94 City of Big Spring Texas 22,935 5 17 55% 31% 2025-10-01
95 Hamlet Water System North Carolina 6,180 5 15 43% 51% 2025-05-01
96 Chickasha Municipal Authority Oklahoma 14,635 5 13 26% 38% 2024-10-17
97 Winnsboro Water System Louisiana 4,426 5 11 39% 52% 2025-11-11
98 Salem Water Works Indiana 5,316 5 10 4% 41% 2025-07-01
99 Wallkill Consolidated Water District New York 16,679 5 8 59% 22% 2024-10-17
100 Bedford County U.D. Tennessee 12,383 5 8 26% 35% 2023-08-01

How to read this ranking

Each row links to a full utility profile with violation history, lead testing results, and service-area ZIPs. The demographic context columns are from independent data sources (ACS, not EJScreen) and are provided for readers who want to examine equity patterns alongside the operational data.

See the full methodology for calculation details, data vintages, and known limitations.

Frequently asked questions

What is an unresolved health-based violation?

A violation of a federal Safe Drinking Water Act standard (Maximum Contaminant Level, Treatment Technique, or Monitoring requirement for a health-based contaminant) that has not been formally returned to compliance in EPA records. These reflect ongoing public-health concerns documented in EPA's ECHO enforcement database.

Why show demographic context next to violations?

Federal Safe Drinking Water Act data does not distinguish between communities by race or income — violations are violations regardless of who is served. We publish demographic columns so readers can independently examine whether specific systems with long-running violations also serve disproportionately low-income or non-white populations. We do not claim causation; we report two independent facts side by side.

Are these the most dangerous water systems in the country?

Not necessarily. "Unresolved" counts procedural and technical violations alongside contaminant exceedances. A high count indicates a system that federal regulators have flagged repeatedly without resolution. For any specific system, click through to its profile page for the individual violations on record.

Where does the data come from?

Violation records come from EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) via the ECHO enforcement database, refreshed weekly. Demographic context comes from the U.S. Census American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates (2019-2023), aggregated from block-group level to utility-level using EPA's Community Water System Service Area Boundaries v3 population weights.

ZipCheckup is an independent public-data tool. We are a referral service and do not provide water testing, remediation, or utility services. Rankings reflect publicly-available federal data and are provided for informational purposes. For issues with your specific water system, contact your local water utility or state drinking water program.

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