Health Violations Found NC 2 HEALTH VIOLATIONS

Cfpua-wilmington

EPA ID: NC0465010 · 198,740 people served · 14 ZIP codes

In the most recent EPA reporting cycle, Cfpua-wilmington carried 1 violation still marked as unresolved — each remains active in the federal enforcement ledger while the utility continues operations for its service population of approximately 198,740 people across the area it supplies.

Data: EPA SDWIS Last verified: 2026-04-02

A · 86
Avg Safety Score
198,740
People Served
14
ZIP Codes Served
17
Violations (5yr)
Surface Water
Water Source
0.003 mg/L
Max Lead Level
Zone 3
Radon Risk · Low
6
Contaminants Flagged
$337K
Median Home Value in Service Area

Compliance Trajectory

Worsening · Risk tier: High · 95% chance of violation in next 12 months

Violations went from 6 (2023) to 3 (2025). The pattern suggests growing compliance challenges.

Service Area Map

Coverage area for Cfpua-wilmington Source: EPA SDWIS service area boundaries.

Service area boundary — Grade A

Service Area Demographics

$67,603
Median Household Income
232,253
Service Area Population
34%
Disadvantaged Population
50th
Poverty Percentile
34th
Energy Burden Percentile
40%
Pre-1986 Housing

The Cfpua-wilmington serves a community with a median household income of $67,603 and an estimated 232,253 residents across its service area. Approximately 40% of housing stock was built before 1986, which increases the likelihood of lead service lines and older plumbing.

Environmental Justice Note: 34% of the population in this service area is classified as disadvantaged under EPA's EJScreen criteria. Communities with higher disadvantaged populations often face disproportionate environmental and health burdens, including aging water infrastructure and limited resources for remediation.

🌊 Where Does Your Water Come From?

Surface Water

Cfpua-wilmington's water is drawn from rivers, lakes, or reservoirs. Surface water sources are more exposed to agricultural runoff, stormwater, and upstream discharges, but they typically receive more intensive treatment before reaching your tap.

Elevated Risk
Source Contamination Risk
29th
Wastewater Discharge Proximity
56th
Superfund Site Proximity

About 1% of homes in New Hanover County, North Carolina rely on private wells rather than public water systems. Private well owners are responsible for their own water testing and treatment.

Infrastructure Risk

41 yr
Avg Pipe Age
Unknown
Pipe Material
26 yr
Est. Remaining Life
Moderate Wear
Decay Status
Installed 61% of expected lifespan used End of life

Detected Contaminants

How Cfpua-wilmington compares to EPA limits

What This Means For You

Surface Water Treatment Rule at 6 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of mg/L.

Stage 2 DBP Rule at 4 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of mg/L.

Stage 1 DBP Rule at 2 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of mg/L.

Consumer Confidence Report Rule at 2 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of mg/L.

Revised Total Coliform Rule at 2 presence exceeds the EPA maximum of presence.

PFAS Detected in Service Area

PFAS ("forever chemicals") have been detected in water serving this system's area. 28 detections recorded. 2 exceed federal EPA limits (4 ppt for PFOA/PFOS).

State limits: HFPO-DA: 0.01 ppt
Health concern: PFAS are linked to cancer, thyroid disease, immune suppression, and developmental effects. They do not break down naturally.
Recommended filter: Reverse osmosis (RO) or activated carbon filters certified for PFAS removal. Find the right filter →

Comparable Water Systems

Similar-sized systems in North Carolina

A 11 violations
Cary, Town of
224,000 people
C 129 violations
Union County Water System
167,554 people
B 8 violations
City of Asheville
157,431 people
F 25 violations
B 19 violations

Estimated Remediation Costs

Average estimated costs across ZIP codes served by this system

Flood Insurance Radon Mitigation PFAS Treatment Water Filtration
Flood Insurance $1,257
Radon Mitigation $371
PFAS Treatment $293
Water Filtration $279
Total Estimated Cost $2,200

Based on national averages for common remediation projects. Actual costs vary by property. Only issues flagged by EPA, FEMA, or state data for each ZIP code are included.

Cost of Inaction

If water quality issues in this service area are not addressed, the estimated financial impact per household is:

Estimated Healthcare Costs $1,500

Annual per household (CDC est.)

PFAS Exposure — Lifetime Cost $1,000

Per person (emerging research est.)

Estimated Cumulative Cost Per Household

5 years
$7,665
10 years
$15,330
20 years
$30,660

Compare: Estimated remediation cost is $2,200 (one-time) vs. $15,330 in estimated inaction costs over 10 years.

Estimates based on published EPA, CDC, and peer-reviewed research. Individual costs vary by household size, property, and health factors. These are conservative lower-bound estimates intended for awareness, not financial advice.

System Overview

Cfpua-wilmington (EPA ID: NC0465010) is a community water system in North Carolina that serves approximately 198,740 people from surface water sources.

This system provides water to 14 ZIP codes across 3 communities.

Average Home Safety Score: A (86/100)

Based on water quality violations, lead levels, and radon risk across all ZIP codes served by this system.

Violation History

2 health-based violations recorded in the past 5 years. 1 remains unresolved.

Recent Violations

Date Contaminant Type Status
April 12, 2025 Lead and Copper Rule Monitoring Resolved
March 1, 2025 Consumer Confidence Report Rule Monitoring Resolved
March 1, 2025 Revised Total Coliform Rule Monitoring Resolved
January 1, 2025 Stage 1 DBP Rule Monitoring Unresolved
October 17, 2024 Stage 2 DBP Rule Health-based Resolved
October 17, 2024 Stage 2 DBP Rule Monitoring Resolved
July 1, 2024 Surface Water Treatment Rule Monitoring Resolved
February 1, 2024 Consumer Confidence Report Rule Monitoring Resolved
July 1, 2023 Surface Water Treatment Rule Monitoring Resolved
January 1, 2023 Stage 1 DBP Rule Monitoring Resolved

Contaminants Detected

The following contaminants have been flagged in EPA records for this water system:

Contaminant Category Violations Health-Based
Surface Water Treatment Rule Treatment Failure 6 No
Stage 2 DBP Rule Treatment Failure 4 Yes
Stage 1 DBP Rule Treatment Failure 2 No
Consumer Confidence Report Rule Reporting Failure 2 No
Revised Total Coliform Rule Microbiological 2 No
Lead and Copper Rule Treatment Failure 1 No

Lead & Copper

EPA Lead and Copper Rule sampling data for ZIP codes served by this system:

ZIP Code Lead Level Exceeds Limit Sample Date
28401 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28402 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28403 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28404 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28405 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28406 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28407 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28408 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28409 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28410 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28411 0.003 mg/L No N/A
28412 0.003 mg/L No N/A

Radon Risk in Service Area

Dominant radon zone for ZIP codes served by this system: Zone 3 (Low Risk)

Need help with your water quality?

Typical cost: Water test: typically $20–$50 (DIY kit) · Professional inspection: $150–$400

Find the Right Water Filter

Free tip: Let cold water run for 2 minutes before drinking — this helps flush lead from your pipes.

ZIP Codes Served

Coverage: 7 ZIP codes confirmed via EPA Community Water System Service Area Boundaries v3 plus 7 additional ZIPs inferred from SDWIS registry data. The EPA-confirmed set is the most reliable; SDWIS-inferred entries may be narrower than the real deployment area.

Data Sources

This report uses public data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS). View the full compliance record for Cfpua-wilmington (NC0465010) on EPA.gov.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Cfpua-wilmington water safe to drink?

Cfpua-wilmington has recorded 2 health-based violations in the past 5 years. While the system is required to treat water to meet federal standards, you may want to consider additional precautions such as a certified water filter.

How many people does Cfpua-wilmington serve?

Cfpua-wilmington serves approximately 198,740 people across 14 ZIP codes in North Carolina.

Where does Cfpua-wilmington get its water?

The primary water source is surface water.

Contact Your Water Utility

Public-record contact information for the water utility serving this system. Use these channels to request water quality reports, ask about service, or report issues directly.

Phone
910-332-6550
ZipCheckup is not affiliated with this water utility, does not act as its agent, and does not provide customer support for it. Contact details shown are public-record information from CCR filings. For service issues, contact the utility directly using the information above.
Address
235 Government Center Drive, Wilmington, NC 28403

Contact information from Cape Fear Public Utility Authority Consumer Confidence Report.

ZipCheckup is not affiliated with this water utility, does not act as its agent, and does not provide customer support for it. Contact details shown are public-record information from CCR filings. For service issues, contact the utility directly using the information above.

Water Source & Treatment

Where this water originates and how it's treated before reaching your tap.

Source
Blended (groundwater + surface water)
Combines water from both groundwater and surface sources.
Disinfectant used
Chlorine
Treatment chemicals reported
chlorineorthophosphate

Source: Cape Fear Public Utility Authority Consumer Confidence Report.

ZipCheckup is not affiliated with this water utility. Treatment and source data are sourced from the utility's published CCR filings.

Source water assessment from Cape Fear Public Utility Authority Consumer Confidence Report:
The North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality's Public Water Supply Section conducted assessments for all drinking water sources. The purpose was to determine susceptibility to Potential Contaminant Sources (PCSs). Ratings are Higher, Moderate, or Lower.

Treatment regime

How this utility classifies its treatment process and what each reported treatment chemical does.

Treatment classification
Advanced
Advanced treatment that may include ozonation, ultraviolet disinfection, activated-carbon filtration, or membrane filtration. Used when source water has elevated contamination risk or to remove disinfection byproducts.

Treatment chemicals and what each one does

Chemical names are reported verbatim by the utility. Purpose categories are ZipCheckup annotations based on standard drinking-water treatment practice.

Disinfectant
Inactivates bacteria, viruses, and parasites in the treated water.
chlorine
Corrosion inhibitor
Coats pipe interiors to reduce lead and copper leaching from premise plumbing.
orthophosphate

Watershed exposure sources reported

Land-use and natural conditions identified in the utility's source-water assessment as potential contamination sources upstream of treatment.

AgricultureIndustrial activityStorage tanksUrban stormwater runoffSeptic systemsMining

Treatment classification and chemical list sourced from Cape Fear Public Utility Authority Consumer Confidence Report.

Treatment intensity is a ZipCheckup-derived classification based on the chemicals and processes the utility reports. Chemicals and contamination sources are taken verbatim from the utility's CCR filing. Routine federal monitoring and contaminant testing shown elsewhere on this page determine whether the water meets safety standards, not the treatment classification.

Federal UCMR5 PFAS Monitoring: Detected

This water system was tested under the federal EPA Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR5). PFAS compounds were detected below the current state-enforceable MCL.

Samples collected
174
Detections
1
Latest sample
12/5/2023
Highest analyte
PFPeA: 4.4 ppt
Analyte Max detected Current MCL Status
PFPeA 4.4 ppt

Current MCL reflects the lowest state-enforceable limit (NYS 10 ppt for PFOA/PFOS, effective August 2020). The federal final MCL of 4 ppt for PFOA/PFOS (EPA April 2024 rule) is not enforceable until April 2029. Detections above 4 ppt but below 10 ppt are below current MCL but above the future federal limit.

Source: U.S. EPA UCMR5 (Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule, 5th cycle) — per-system federal sampling, 2023–2025. EPA UCMR5 monitoring program →

Understand PFAS health context and filtration →

PFAS Substances Detected in This System

This water system's Consumer Confidence Report disclosed the following PFAS compounds. Levels are from the utility's most recent reporting cycle.

Substance Detected level EPA limit Status
GenX / HFPO-DA
Not yet EPA-regulated
0.0395 ppt 10 ppt Below EPA limit
PFOA
Perfluorooctanoic acid
EPA-regulated (2024 NPDWR)
0 ppt 4 ppt Below EPA limit
PFOS
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
EPA-regulated (2024 NPDWR)
0 ppt 4 ppt Below EPA limit
PFHxS
Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
EPA-regulated (2024 NPDWR)
0 ppt 10 ppt Below EPA limit
PFNA
Perfluorononanoic acid
EPA-regulated (2024 NPDWR)
0 ppt 10 ppt Below EPA limit
PFBS
Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid
EPA-regulated (2024 NPDWR)
Component of EPA Hazard Index — combined exposure assessed against unitless threshold of 1.0.
0 ppt 2000 ppt Below EPA limit

In April 2024, EPA finalized the first National Primary Drinking Water Regulation for six PFAS. Public water systems have until 2029 to comply. EPA — PFAS regulation overview →

Source: Consumer Confidence Report disclosed by Cape Fear Public Utility Authority.

ZipCheckup is not affiliated with this water utility. PFAS detection data is sourced from public Consumer Confidence Reports filed by the utility itself.

Learn more about PFAS health effects and filtration →

Lead service line replacement plan from Cape Fear Public Utility Authority Consumer Confidence Report:
CFPUA is replacing all galvanized lines at no cost to customers, with the first phase of replacements already underway.

Lead Service Line Replacement Tracker

This water utility's lead service line (LSL) replacement program is tracked from public Consumer Confidence Report filings. Email signup notifies subscribers when the utility files an updated replacement plan or progress milestone.

Get notified on replacement progress

Subscribers receive an email when this utility updates its LSL plan, files a milestone report, or adjusts replacement timelines. No marketing, no third-party sharing.

By submitting you agree to Privacy Policy. Unsubscribe anytime via the link in any email.

Cape Fear Public Utility Authority

ZipCheckup is not affiliated with this water utility. LSL replacement-program data is sourced from public CCR filings published by the utility. Subscription notifications are based on automated parsing of subsequent CCR releases.

Learn more about Lead and Copper Rule replacement requirements →

Lead Service Line Inventory

Service line breakdown reported under the federal Lead and Copper Rule Improvements (LCRI) inventory requirement:

0
Confirmed Lead
0
Galvanized — Replacement Required
0
Unknown Material
72,785
Confirmed Non-Lead

This system reports zero confirmed lead service lines in its inventory. Unknown-material counts may still warrant verification.

Federal LCRI rule (effective October 2024) requires every public water system to inventory its service lines and complete lead-line replacement within 10 years.

Federal Regulatory Status · 2026Q1
LCRR inventory submission: Reported all required service line types
Latest tap sample on 2023-01-01 did not exceed the federal lead action level.
Population served: 198,740
Reported to North Carolina

Source: EPA SDWIS Federal Service Line Inventory (Phase 2) · Submitted 2026

ZipCheckup is not affiliated with the utility or state agency. Inventory figures render verbatim from the public LCRI submission cited above; ZipCheckup does not perform inspections or replacements.

Learn about lead in drinking water →

Aesthetic water quality

These measurements describe the look, taste, and feel of the water this utility delivers. They are not contaminant violations — they sit alongside federal Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (SMCLs) which the EPA publishes as non-enforceable guidance.

pH
7.6
How acidic or basic the water is on a 0-14 scale. Drinking water is typically near neutral.
EPA secondary range: 6.5 – 8.5
Fluoride
0.66 ppm
Utility adds fluoride
Measured fluoride concentration in parts per million.
EPA secondary MCL: 2.0 ppm
Alkalinity
41 ppm CaCO₃
Capacity of the water to neutralize acids, expressed as calcium carbonate equivalent.
Total dissolved solids
85 ppm
Mineral content remaining after evaporation, including calcium, magnesium, sodium, and other dissolved substances.
EPA secondary MCL: 500 ppm

Aesthetic measurements from Cape Fear Public Utility Authority Consumer Confidence Report.

Aesthetic measurements are reported by the utility from its annual sampling. EPA Secondary MCLs are advisory thresholds — values outside them indicate aesthetic concerns such as taste or appearance, not health violations. Federal contaminant testing is shown in the sections above.

Notable events and violations

This section summarizes events the utility chose to disclose in its most recent Consumer Confidence Report, plus any federal compliance violations the utility recorded against itself. Both lists are utility-authored — ZipCheckup does not audit, judge, or reorder them.

Notable events from the utility's CCR

These bullet entries are the utility's own narration of operational, regulatory, or infrastructure events during the reporting period.

Notable events from Cape Fear Public Utility Authority Consumer Confidence Report:
  • CFPUA completed Service Line Inventory confirming zero lead pipes
  • CFPUA replacing 592 galvanized water service lines at no cost to customers
  • Wrightsville Beach water system consolidation scheduled for September 2025

ZipCheckup note: items above reflect what the utility published in its most recent CCR. Federal violation records are also tracked separately by the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) — the SDWIS record is the authoritative federal source for any specific regulatory action.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is water from Cfpua-wilmington safe to drink?
Cfpua-wilmington earns a A safety grade with 17 violations in the past 5 years. Tap water meets EPA standards for most contaminants.
What contaminants are in Cfpua-wilmington's water?
Detected contaminants include Surface Water Treatment Rule, Stage 2 DBP Rule, Stage 1 DBP Rule, Consumer Confidence Report Rule. Each is compared against EPA maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) in the detailed breakdown above.
Should I use a water filter?
Given 5 contaminants above EPA limits, a certified water filter can provide an extra layer of protection. The best type depends on specific contaminants in your water.
How many people does Cfpua-wilmington serve?
Cfpua-wilmington serves approximately 198,740 people with drinking water across 14 ZIP codes.
What is Cfpua-wilmington's water source?
Cfpua-wilmington draws water from surface water sources. Source type affects which contaminants are most likely to be present.
Is there lead in Cfpua-wilmington's water?
The maximum detected lead level is 0.003 mg/L. This is within EPA action level guidelines.
What is the demographic profile of Cfpua-wilmington's service area?
The Cfpua-wilmington service area has a median household income of $67,603. EPA EJScreen data classifies 34% of the population as disadvantaged, which may indicate greater vulnerability to environmental health risks.
Where does Cfpua-wilmington get its water?
Cfpua-wilmington's water is drawn from rivers, lakes, or reservoirs. Surface water sources are more exposed to agricultural runoff, stormwater, and upstream discharges, but they typically receive more intensive treatment before reaching your tap. Based on violation history and environmental factors, the source contamination risk is currently elevated.

What You Can Do

1

Test your water

Home test kits can detect lead, bacteria, and other contaminants at your tap. Find the right filter →

2

Check your specific ZIP code

Water quality can vary within a system. View nearest ZIP report →

3

Contact your utility

Cfpua-wilmington (EPA ID: NC0465010) — request the latest Consumer Confidence Report or ask about specific contaminants.

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