ZipCheckup grade for 28274: A.
No federal data flags a major home-safety concern for this ZIP.
Charlotte, NC (28274): PFAS Detected - 92/100
EPA data for Charlotte Water
The directly mapped accepted EPA record for 28274 in Charlotte, NC contains zero recorded violations for inclusive record years 2021 through 2026. This does not establish that every category was monitored or published, and it does not cover events outside that source window.
Data source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SDWIS
Key Findings
3 other areas checked - no concerns found.
At a Glance
- Water No EPA violations on record for the past 5 years.
- Lead Lead reading of 0.000 mg/L is well below EPA action level.
- PFAS PFAS detected below MCL in UCMR5 sampling.
- Radon EPA Zone 3 - lower county-level potential, not evidence of a low home result.
What’s Happening in Charlotte, North Carolina
PFAS (forever chemicals) have been detected in the local water supply.
Install a PFAS-rated water filter
PFAS (forever chemicals) have been detected in water systems serving this ZIP code. These synthetic chemicals do not break down and may accumulate in the body over time.
Recommended Buyer Guides for This ZIP
Independent guides - grounded in EPA, NSF, FEMA, and CDC standards. Matched to risks detected in your area.
- Best Water Filters for PFAS — PFAS detected in supply
- Best Under-Sink Reverse Osmosis Systems — Multi-contaminant removal
This Summer - what to check
Season-specific maintenance for home safety. Universal tasks - apply everywhere unless noted.
-
Water Heater
Flush sediment (1–2×/year). Cuts energy use and prevents bacterial growth in low-use hot-water pockets.
Source: DOE -
Wildfire & Smoke
Clear leaves and debris from gutters and the 30-ft home-ignition zone. Replace HVAC filters with MERV 13+.
Source: Firewise -
HVAC Filter
Peak AC run. Replace filters monthly during high pollen / wildfire-smoke days; standard interval otherwise.
Source: EPA IAQ
Get notified when water quality changes in your area
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How Charlotte Compares
Safety Score vs. Mecklenburg County and North Carolina averages
| Metric | Charlotte | Mecklenburg County | North Carolina |
|---|---|---|---|
| Safety Score | 92 | 89 | 78 |
| EPA Violations (total) | 0 | 1.9 | 13 |
County and state averages computed from 41,345 ZIP codes. Data: EPA SDWIS.
See incorrect data? Let us know
With no critical conditions on file, the 1 high-priority alert represent the top tier for Charlotte (28274).
Score Breakdown
Overall Home Safety Score: 92/100
This is the published model score. Component and domain values are shown independently; they are not added together on this page.
Canonical components
Required domains
Coverage: 4 of 4 components and 3 of 3 domains observed.
Model 4.0.0; series home-safety-v4-cross-vertical.
Safety & Health (8) HIGH
Compliance Alerts for 28274
1 issue flagged based on EPA data, state regulations, and housing age estimates.
Estimates based on EPA data, U.S. Census ACS housing vintage, and state regulations. Individual homes may vary.
Your Water System
ZIP code 28274 in Charlotte, North Carolina is served by Charlotte Water (EPA ID: NC0160010). This system provides water to approximately 1,163,701 people from surface water sources.
Home Safety Score: A (92/100)
Model 4.0.0 combines EPA water-compliance history, the PFAS MCL screen, EPA radon zone, and annual EPA Air Quality Index data. A score is published only when every required domain is observed. This score is better than 86% of ZIP codes nationally and 72% in North Carolina.
| Factor | Status | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Water Quality | good | 0 violations, 0 health-based |
| Lead in Water | safe | 0 mg/L (EPA action level: 0.015 mg/L) |
| Radon Risk | Low | Zone 3 |
| Gas Safety | low | 5 incidents, score 2/100 |
| Wildfire Smoke | low | score 17/100, 0 county fires (5yr) |
| Earthquake Risk | Relatively Low | score 7.9/50 |
| Superfund NPL | Moderate | nearest 12 mi (Martin-Marietta, Sodyeco, Inc.), 0 sites within 10 km |
Lead & Copper in Your Water
The EPA requires water systems to monitor lead and copper levels under the Lead and Copper Rule.
| Metal | Measured Level | EPA Action Level | Status | Sample Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead | 0 mg/L | 0.015 mg/L | Within limit | N/A |
Radon Risk
Radon Zone 3 - Lower county-level potential (Mecklenburg County)
EPA Zone 3 indicates lower county-level radon potential, not a low result for a home. Testing is needed before any threshold comparison.
CO & Gas Safety
Gas Distribution Risk: Low (score: 2/100)
5 gas distribution incidents recorded in this county since 2004. Most recent: 2020.
The CPSC recommends CO detectors on every level of your home. Have gas appliances inspected annually by a licensed technician.
Wildfire & Smoke Risk
Smoke Risk: Low (score: 17/100)
No wildfires recorded in this county over the past 5 years. Nearest recent wildfire: 50 km (31 miles).
Monitor air quality at AirNow.gov during fire season (June–November). A HEPA air purifier can reduce indoor PM2.5 by up to 80% during smoke events.
Earthquake & Seismic Risk
Risk Rating: Relatively Low (score: 7.9/50)
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Risk Score | 7.9 |
| Risk Rating | Relatively Low |
| Annual Frequency | < 0.001 damaging events/yr |
| Expected Annual Loss | $2.8M (Relatively Moderate) |
Monitor seismic activity at the USGS Earthquake Map. Secure heavy furniture, maintain an emergency kit, and know your gas shutoff location.
Superfund Site Proximity
Proximity Risk: Moderate (score: 26/100)
Nearest NPL site: Martin-Marietta, Sodyeco, Inc. at 12 miles (19.3 km).
| Radius | NPL Sites |
|---|---|
| Within 5 km (3.1 mi) | 0 |
| Within 10 km (6.2 mi) | 0 |
| Within 25 km (15.5 mi) | 4 |
Nearest NPL Sites
- Martin-Marietta, Sodyeco, Inc. - 12 mi (Deleted), listed 09/08/1983
- Ram Leather Care - 13 mi (Active Cleanup), listed 09/29/2003
- Jadco-Hughes Facility - 13.3 mi (Construction Complete), listed 06/10/1986
- North Belmont PCE - 13.7 mi (Construction Complete), listed 07/22/1999
- Rock Hill Chemical Co. - 18 mi (Construction Complete), listed 02/21/1990
Search nearby sites at the EPA Superfund Site Search. If you garden or use well water near an NPL site, consider soil and water testing.
Violation Summary
PFAS Contamination
PFAS detected: PFBA, PFPeA.
Highest measured level: 0.0097 µg/L across all detected compounds.
PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are a group of synthetic chemicals that do not break down in the environment or the human body. Long-term exposure has been linked to immune system effects, hormone disruption, and increased cancer risk.
Recommended filtration: Reverse osmosis (RO) or activated carbon block filters certified NSF/ANSI 58 or NSF/ANSI 53 are the most effective at reducing PFAS in drinking water.
Learn more about PFAS in drinking water →
Energy Costs in NC
Residential electricity rate: 16.25¢/kWh - 4% below the national average (17.0¢/kWh).
Lower electricity rates in North Carolina make electric appliances and heat pumps a cost-effective choice compared to other states.
Energy Sources
North Carolina generates 13.5% of its electricity from renewable sources - 13% below the national average of 26.9%. Including nuclear, 45.3% of the state's power is carbon-free (EIA 2025).
| Source | Share |
|---|---|
| Natural gas | 40% |
| Nuclear | 31.8% |
| Coal | 13.2% |
| Solar | 9.4% |
| Hydroelectric | 3.4% |
| Wind | 0.7% |
Need help with your water quality?
Typical cost: Water test: typically $20–$50 (DIY kit) · Professional inspection: $150–$400
Find the Right Water FilterFree tip: Let cold water run for 2 minutes before drinking — this helps flush lead from your pipes.
What You Can Do
- Review your annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) - Your utility publishes this each July
- Test your home's water - Especially if you have older plumbing (pre-1986) that may contain lead
- Stay informed - Bookmark this page to check for updates on your water quality
Need help with water testing or filtration?
Typical cost: Water test: typically $20–$50 (DIY kit) · Professional inspection: $150–$400
Find the Right Water FilterFree tip: Let cold water run for 2 minutes before drinking — this helps flush lead from your pipes.
Other Water Quality Reports in North Carolina
- 27006 (Advance) - 9 violations
- 27007 (Ararat)
- 27009 (Belews Creek) - 1 violation
- 27010 (Bethania)
- 27011 (Boonville) - 25 violations
- 27012 (Clemmons) - 3 violations
- 27013 (Cleveland) - 7 violations
- 27014 (Cooleemee) - 9 violations
- 27016 (Danbury)
- 27017 (Dobson) - 5 violations
- 27018 (East Bend) - 3 violations
- 27019 (Germanton) - 98 violations
- 27020 (Hamptonville) - 6 violations
- 27021 (King) - 5 violations
- 27022 (Lawsonville)
- 27023 (Lewisville) - 1 violation
- 27024 (Lowgap)
- 27025 (Madison) - 21 violations
- 27027 (Mayodan) - 5 violations
- 27028 (Mocksville) - 15 violations
Nearby Water Quality Reports
- 28207 (Charlotte) - <1 mi
- 28209 (Charlotte) - 1 mi
- 28204 (Charlotte) - 2 mi
- 28271 (Charlotte) - 2 mi
- 28203 (Charlotte) - 2 mi
- 28211 (Charlotte) - 3 mi
- 28282 (Charlotte) - 3 mi
- 28296 (Charlotte) - 3 mi
- 28263 (Charlotte) - 3 mi
- 28233 (Charlotte) - 3 mi
Data Sources
This report uses public data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS). View the full compliance record for Charlotte Water (NC0160010) on EPA.gov.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is the tap water in 28274 safe to drink?
The directly mapped EPA record contains zero violations for the water system serving ZIP code 28274 in inclusive record years 2021 through 2026. This is a compliance-record finding, not a guarantee about water at a specific tap.
Where does 28274's water come from?
The primary water source for this area is surface water. Charlotte Water serves approximately 1,163,701 people.
How can I get my water tested?
Contact your local water utility for a free water quality report, or hire a certified lab for independent home water testing. The EPA recommends testing annually if you use a private well.
Does 28274 have lead in the water?
Lead and Copper Rule sampling data for ZIP code 28274 shows no detectable lead (0 mg/L), below the EPA action level of 0.015 mg/L. However, older homes with lead pipes or lead-solder plumbing may still have elevated levels at the tap.
What is the radon risk in 28274?
ZIP code 28274 (Mecklenburg County) falls in EPA Radon Zone 3, indicating low radon potential. Zone 3 areas have lower radon potential, though individual homes can still have elevated radon levels depending on construction and local geology. Testing is still recommended.
USGS reports that 3 of the top compounds applied across the surrounding county are flagged by the EPA for drinking-water monitoring - see the agricultural pesticide-use section
North Carolina Water Quality Overview
The state enforces stricter limits than federal EPA minimums for 1 contaminant. ZipCheckup analyzes lab results from 2,489 water systems across North Carolina, covering 16 contaminants from 2 data sources. The most frequently tested contaminants include Lead (Pb 90th %ile), NEtFOSAA, NMeFOSAA. Overall, North Carolina earns a water quality grade of B (average score: 73/100) across 1,085 ZIP codes. 65% of tested systems have at least one EPA violation on record. If you live in North Carolina, review the contaminant table above for your specific water system — state averages may not reflect local conditions.
Score History
Score tracking started on 2026-08-04. Current score: 92/100. Check back for trends as data accumulates.
PFAS Contamination Detected
PFAS ("forever chemicals") have been detected in water systems serving ZIP code 28274.
Detected compounds: PFBA, PFPeA.
Highest measured level: 0.0097 µg/L
Reverse osmosis (RO) and activated carbon block filters certified NSF/ANSI 58 or NSF/ANSI 53 are the most effective at reducing PFAS levels at the tap.
Consumer Confidence Report
Annual water quality report published by Charlotte Water for ZIP code 28274.
What Is a Consumer Confidence Report?
Every community water system in the U.S. is required by the EPA to publish an annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR), also known as a Water Quality Report. It lists all detected contaminants, their levels compared to federal limits (MCLs), and information about where your water comes from.
How to Read Your CCR
- MCL (Maximum Contaminant Level) - the highest level of a contaminant allowed in drinking water
- MCLG (Maximum Contaminant Level Goal) - the level below which there is no known health risk
- Action Level - used for lead and copper; triggers treatment if exceeded at the 90th percentile
- A violation means detected levels exceeded the MCL - your utility must notify you and take corrective action
Recommended Water Filters
Good to HaveBased on 1 contaminant.
TTHM detected at 64 ppb
Get a detailed filter match based on your ZIP code's water data
Find the Right Filter for Your Water →Recommendations are based on contaminants detected in the Consumer Confidence Report in our dataset. Individual results may vary. Look for filters with the certifications listed above. Product mentions are not endorsements.
Lead Pipe Replacement Funding for North Carolina
Key LCRI Deadlines
What This Means for You
- If your home was built before 1986, it may have lead service lines
- Your water utility is required to inventory and replace lead lines at no cost to you
- Contact your water utility to check if your address is in their inventory
Source: EPA DWSRF Lead Service Line Replacement Program, FY2025 Allotment Memorandum.
Active Alerts in North Carolina
0 active weather alerts in North Carolina. Severe weather can affect your water quality and home safety.
View alerts for North Carolina →
Environmental Hazards (9) HIGH
Flood Insurance Discount (FEMA CRS)
Charlotte participates in FEMA's Community Rating System - residents in Charlotte can save 10% on flood insurance premiums in high-risk zones. This is a strong CRS rating, reflecting significant local investment in flood mitigation, drainage, and public education.
How FEMA flood discount classes work
FEMA's Community Rating System rewards communities for flood management efforts. Lower class = better rating = bigger discount:
- Class 1 - 45% SFHA discount (top rating, very rare)
- Class 2-3 - 35-40% discount (excellent programs)
- Class 4-5 - 25-30% discount (strong programs)
- Class 6-7 - 15-20% discount (moderate programs)
- Class 8-9 - 5-10% discount (basic programs)
- Class 10 - 0% discount (entry level / no participation)
Air Quality for 28274
Air quality is acceptable. However, there may be a risk for some people, particularly those who are unusually sensitive to air pollution. Consider reducing prolonged outdoor exertion if you experience symptoms.
County-level hazard data for Mecklenburg
These are county-level federal records for Mecklenburg, the county that contains ZIP code 28274. They describe the whole county, not this ZIP code specifically, and are provided for regional context.
Sources: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers National Inventory of Dams, NOAA Storm Events Database, EPA air-quality design values, EPA annual Air Quality Index by county, a USGS domestic-well arsenic model, and a USGS landslide-susceptibility model. All figures are county-level and do not reflect conditions at any single address.
Termite Risk for 28274
Heavy Termite ZoneRequired for VA/FHA loans statewide; NC WDI report commonly required for conventional loans
VA/FHA loan will not close without clear NPMA-33 form; NC structural pest control regulations apply
Termite Damage in the U.S.
- Termites cause an estimated $5 billion in property damage annually in the United States, according to the USDA.
- Standard termite treatment costs $225–$2,500; fumigation for severe infestations: $2,000–$8,000.
- Homeowner insurance typically does not cover termite damage, as it is considered preventable.
What Homeowners Should Know
- Annual termite inspections are recommended in moderate-to-heavy risk zones. Early detection can prevent thousands in repair costs.
- VA and FHA loans require a clear NPMA-33 (Wood Destroying Insect Inspection Report) for closing in most states.
- Warning signs: mud tubes on foundation walls, hollow-sounding wood, discarded wings near windows, and frass (droppings) near baseboards.
- Preventive treatment ($200–$900 per year) is far less expensive than structural damage repair, which averages $3,000 and can exceed $50,000.
- North Carolina falls in a heavy termite infestation probability (TIP) zone. Subterranean termites are the primary concern, with Formosan subterranean termites also present in this region.
Source: USDA Forest Service Termite Infestation Probability (TIP) zones, VA/FHA lender requirements, North Carolina pest control regulations. Inspection cost estimates reflect typical market rates and may vary by provider, property size, and location. This information is for general guidance only.
Pest Risk for 28274
High Pest Pressuretermites, mosquitoes, ticks, fire ants and cockroaches
- West Nile activity zone
- Lone Star tick endemic area
Required for VA loans in all states; state-mandated WDI report required for most residential sales
Up to $5,000 per violation
Why This Matters
- Health risks: Mosquitoes transmit West Nile virus (1,000+ U.S. cases annually). Ticks spread Lyme disease (estimated 476,000 cases/year per CDC). Rodent droppings can carry hantavirus.
- Property damage: Carpenter ants and termites cause billions in structural damage annually. Rodents gnaw wiring, creating fire hazards.
- Food safety: Cockroaches and rodents contaminate food preparation areas and can trigger allergies and asthma, especially in children.
- North Carolina's climate creates year-round pest pressure. Regular professional inspections and preventive treatment are strongly recommended.
Common Questions
Source: CDC vector-borne disease surveillance, EPA pesticide regulation data, North Carolina pest control board, NPMA pest prevalence maps. Inspection cost estimates reflect typical market rates and may vary by provider, property size, and location. This information is for general guidance only.
Wildfire & Smoke Risk Profile
Wildfire Smoke Safety Tips
- Air purifier with HEPA filter: run in the room where you spend the most time. Close windows and doors during smoke events.
- N95 or KN95 masks: standard cloth and surgical masks do not filter fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfire smoke.
- Seal gaps: use wet towels or tape around doors and windows to reduce smoke infiltration during poor air quality days.
- Monitor AQI: check AirNow.gov daily during fire season. AQI above 100 = unhealthy for sensitive groups; above 150 = unhealthy for everyone.
- Create a clean room: designate one room with the air purifier running, keep it sealed, and limit time outdoors when AQI is elevated.
Protect Your Indoor Air from Wildfire Smoke
A HEPA air purifier can reduce indoor PM2.5 by up to 80% during smoke events. Portable units for a single room start at $80. Whole-home solutions start at $300.
Paid Partner Product links may earn a commission - see our disclosure.
Earthquake & Seismic Risk Profile
Earthquake Preparedness Tips
- Secure heavy furniture: anchor bookshelves, water heaters, and large appliances to wall studs. Unsecured items cause most earthquake injuries.
- Emergency kit: water (1 gallon per person per day for 3 days), non-perishable food, flashlight, batteries, first aid kit, wrench to turn off gas. Keep kits at home and in your car.
- Know how to shut off gas: locate the gas meter shutoff valve and keep a wrench nearby. Gas leaks are a leading cause of post-earthquake fires.
- Drop, Cover, Hold On: during shaking, drop to hands and knees, take cover under a sturdy table, and hold on. Do not stand in doorways or run outside.
- Structural retrofit: homes built before 1980 may need foundation bolting or cripple wall bracing. FEMA's earthquake resources offer guidance on retrofitting.
- USGS ShakeMap: monitor real-time and recent seismic activity at earthquake.usgs.gov.
Build Your Earthquake Preparedness Kit
FEMA recommends every household in a seismic zone maintain a 72-hour emergency kit. Pre-assembled kits start at $40 and include water, food, first aid, and tools.
Paid Partner Product links may earn a commission - see our disclosure.
Mold Risk Assessment for 28274
High RiskSummer months (June–August) present the highest mold risk in 28274, with average humidity reaching 73%. Indoor humidity can be 10–15% higher in poorly ventilated spaces. Winter humidity drops to 69%, reducing but not eliminating risk.
Why Mold Matters
- The CDC and EPA identify mold as a significant indoor health hazard. Common symptoms include respiratory irritation, allergic reactions, and asthma exacerbation.
- Mold begins growing within 24–48 hours on damp surfaces when relative humidity exceeds 60%. Bathrooms, basements, and crawl spaces are most vulnerable.
- Professional mold remediation costs $1,500–$9,000 on average. Homeowner insurance often excludes mold coverage unless caused by a "covered peril."
- Homes built before 1980 typically lack modern vapor barriers and ventilation systems, increasing moisture infiltration risk.
Prevention Recommendations
- Use a dehumidifier to keep indoor humidity below 50%. This is especially important in basements, crawl spaces, and bathrooms in high-humidity areas like 28274.
- Ensure proper ventilation: use exhaust fans in bathrooms and kitchens, and keep attic and crawl space vents unblocked.
- Fix leaks immediately. Even small plumbing leaks can create mold-favorable conditions within 48 hours.
- Monitor indoor humidity with a hygrometer ($10–$20). Target 30–50% year-round.
With 71% average humidity, a dehumidifier is the most effective way to reduce mold risk in 28274. Energy Star-rated units cost $200–$400 and can reduce humidity by 20–30%.
Respiratory Risk Snapshot
High RiskSuperfund Sites & Soil Contamination Risk
Nearest Superfund (NPL) Sites
| Site Name | Distance | Status | Listed |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Martin-Marietta, Sodyeco, Inc.
|
12 mi | Deleted from NPL | 09/08/1983 |
|
Ram Leather Care
|
13 mi | Active Cleanup | 09/29/2003 |
|
Jadco-Hughes Facility
|
13.3 mi | Construction Complete | 06/10/1986 |
|
North Belmont PCE
|
13.7 mi | Construction Complete | 07/22/1999 |
|
Rock Hill Chemical Co.
|
18 mi | Construction Complete | 02/21/1990 |
What Are Superfund NPL Sites?
The National Priorities List (NPL) is the EPA's list of the most contaminated sites in the United States. These sites are eligible for federal cleanup funding under CERCLA (the "Superfund" law). Common contaminants include heavy metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and industrial solvents that can leach into soil, groundwater, and air.
- Active Cleanup: EPA is investigating or remediating the site - contamination may still be present.
- Construction Complete: Physical cleanup is done, but long-term monitoring continues.
- Deleted: Site meets EPA cleanup standards and has been removed from the NPL.
Know What's in Your Soil
If you live near a Superfund site, a home soil test kit can detect heavy metals, lead, and other contaminants - especially important if you garden, have children, or use well water.
Paid Partner Product links may earn a commission - see our disclosure.
Agricultural pesticide use in the surrounding county
USGS estimates how many kilograms of agricultural pesticides are applied each year in this ZIP code’s surrounding county, plus the five most-applied compounds. These are county-level use estimates, not a measurement of any pesticide in the tap water served to this ZIP code.
Top compounds by volume
The five compounds applied in the largest amounts across this county. Where the EPA sets a drinking-water reference limit (MCL) for a compound, that limit is shown for context - it is a regulatory reference, not a finding of any concentration in this ZIP code’s water.
-
Moderate water concern2,4-DHerbicide · 1.7k kg/yr · EPA drinking-water reference limit: 70 ppb
-
Moderate water concernGLYPHOSATEHerbicide · 833 kg/yr · EPA drinking-water reference limit: 700 ppb
-
Low water concernPARAQUATHerbicide · 113 kg/yr
-
Low water concernPENDIMETHALINHerbicide · 88 kg/yr
-
High water concernATRAZINEHerbicide · 86 kg/yr · EPA drinking-water reference limit: 3 ppb
3 of the top compounds are ones the EPA flags for drinking-water monitoring - see the drinking-water section above
What this means
- These figures describe pesticide application across the surrounding county, not the drinking water at this address.
- An EPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is a regulatory reference for how much of a compound is allowed in finished tap water - it is not a finding of contamination at this ZIP code.
- Tested drinking-water results from the local water system - when reported - appear in the drinking-water section of this report.
Methodology: Annual county pesticide-use estimates are from the USGS Pesticide National Synthesis Project, mapped from county FIPS to ZIP code. EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels are reproduced from federal drinking-water regulations and are reference points only.
Informational only. County-level agricultural pesticide-use estimates are not a measurement of any pesticide in the drinking water served by this ZIP code, nor an assessment of health risk. Tested drinking-water results, when reported by the local water system, appear in the drinking-water section above.
Home & Infrastructure (3) OK
Power outages in Mecklenburg
Electricity outages reported by utilities in Mecklenburg and tracked by the U.S. Department of Energy's EAGLE-I program in 2024. These figures describe the county, not conditions at ZIP code 28274.
County-level figures, not a measurement at this address. Based on reported 15-minute intervals: intervals reported with no value are excluded, never counted as zero. Counties and years without data are omitted rather than shown as zero. Source: DOE/ORNL EAGLE-I, licensed CC BY 4.0.
Septic System Requirements in North Carolina
✓ No Statewide MandateNo statewide requirement to inspect at sale, but if an inspection is performed, it must follow state standards.
Inspections not meeting state standards are invalid. Failed systems may require improvement permit.
What Homeowners Should Know
- Approximately 1 in 5 U.S. households relies on a septic system for wastewater treatment.
- Regular pumping every 3–5 years is recommended by the EPA to prevent system failure.
- A failed septic system can cost $7,000–$15,000 or more to replace, depending on system type and soil conditions.
- If you are selling a property in North Carolina, check your state and local requirements before listing.
- Signs of septic failure include slow drains, sewage odors, and standing water near the drain field.
Source: North Carolina environmental and health department regulations. Cost estimates reflect typical market rates and may vary by provider, system size, and location. This information is for general guidance only-contact your local health department for requirements specific to your property.
CO & Gas Safety Profile
CO & Gas Safety Tips
- Install CO detectors on every level of your home and near sleeping areas. Replace batteries annually and units every 5-7 years.
- Know gas leak signs: rotten egg smell, hissing sounds near gas lines, dead vegetation near pipelines, bubbling in standing water.
- Annual inspection: have a licensed technician inspect gas appliances (furnace, water heater, stove) every year.
- Emergency: if you smell gas, leave immediately, do not use electrical switches, and call 911 or your gas company from outside.
Protect Your Home from Carbon Monoxide
The CPSC recommends a CO detector on every level. Battery-operated models start at $20. Smart detectors with app alerts start at $35.
Paid Partner Product link may earn a commission - see our disclosure.
Remodeling Permit Requirements in North Carolina
ⓘ Permits RequiredStructural, electrical, plumbing, mechanical. North Carolina Building Code applies statewide.
Fines up to $500/day, stop-work orders, misdemeanor for willful violations
Why This Matters
- Unpermitted work can reduce your home's appraised value by 10–20% and complicate or block a sale entirely.
- Homeowner insurance may deny claims for damage caused by or related to unpermitted renovations.
- Buyers' lenders may require proof of permits before approving a mortgage, especially for kitchens, bathrooms, and structural changes.
- Unpermitted electrical and plumbing work is a leading cause of house fires and water damage - permits exist to ensure safety inspections.
- If you are planning remodeling work in North Carolina, contact your local building department before starting any project that alters structure, electrical, plumbing, or mechanical systems.
Remodeling Permit Questions for 28274
What remodeling work requires a permit in North Carolina?
In North Carolina, permits are generally required for any work that alters the structure, electrical wiring, plumbing, or mechanical systems of a home. This includes kitchen and bathroom renovations involving plumbing or electrical changes, wall removal, room additions, window enlargements, re-roofing, and HVAC replacement. Purely cosmetic work - painting, flooring, cabinet refacing without plumbing changes - typically does not require a permit. Always check with your local building department, as municipal requirements may be stricter than state minimums.
What happens if I remodel without a permit in North Carolina?
Working without a required permit in North Carolina can result in Fines up to $500/day, stop-work orders, misdemeanor for willful violations. Beyond legal penalties, unpermitted work creates problems when selling: buyers' home inspectors and appraisers flag unpermitted additions, lenders may refuse financing, and title companies may require permits to be obtained retroactively - often at 2–3 times the original permit fee. In serious cases, you may be required to open walls for inspection or demolish non-compliant work.
How much does a remodeling permit cost in North Carolina?
Remodeling permit fees in North Carolina typically range from $100 to $2000, depending on the scope and value of the project. Most jurisdictions calculate fees as a percentage of the project's estimated construction cost (usually 1–2%) or use a flat fee schedule based on project type. Electrical and plumbing sub-permits may be billed separately. Contact your local building department for an exact fee quote before starting work.
Permit requirements based on North Carolina building codes and ICC adoption data. Costs reflect typical municipal fee schedules and may vary by jurisdiction, project scope, and valuation. This information is for general guidance only - contact your local building department for requirements specific to your project.
Cost & Community (5) OK
True Cost of Ownership
How this ZIP compares
Where the estimate comes from
5-year equipment outlook
No major equipment is flagged for likely replacement within five years.
What this means
- This is a modeled estimate of how much more - or less - a household here may spend each year on risk-related costs such as insurance, mitigation, testing, and maintenance, compared with a typical US ZIP.
- It is a comparison figure for context, not a bill, a quote, or financial advice.
- The 5-year equipment ranges above are separate one-time replacements, not part of the annual figure.
Methodology: Each of 13 risk verticals is assigned a dollar figure from public federal data; the total is the modeled annual difference from a median-risk US ZIP. The 5-year equipment outlook flags major home equipment whose estimated age is within five years of its typical service life; figures are national-average installed-cost ranges.
Estimates are modeled from public federal data. They are not quotes, prices, or financial or insurance advice.
Fair market rent in this ZIP
These are HUD's Fair Market Rent figures for this ZIP, the payment-standard monthly rents HUD uses for housing assistance. They are a published benchmark, not a survey of what units actually rent for today.
HUD sets the fair market rent for a 2-bedroom home in this ZIP at $1,990 per month.
Monthly fair market rent by home size:
HUD metro area: Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC HUD Metro FMR Area.
Source: HUD Small Area Fair Market Rents, FY2025. A SAFMR is a HUD payment-standard figure, not a survey of actual market rents.
Tax Burden in North Carolina
State tax rates affect cost of ownership. Here's how North Carolina compares to national averages.
Source: Tax Foundation 2024. Income tax = top marginal rate. Sales tax = state + avg local. Property tax = effective rate on home value.
Energy Costs in North Carolina
Residential electricity rate: 16.25¢/kWh - 4% below the national average (national avg: 17.0¢/kWh · EIA, December 2025)
North Carolina Energy Mix
Source: EIA Form 923, 2025 data. Renewable = solar + wind + hydro + geothermal.
Energy Rebates for 28274
9 rebates available for heat pump water heaters, insulation, and more.
Electric Utility for 28274
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-861 (2024 data). EIA ID: 5416.
Home Energy Audit for 28274
The Inflation Reduction Act provides up to $8,000 in rebates and $3,200 in annual tax credits for home energy upgrades - but many provisions phase down or expire after 2032. A professional energy audit is the first step to qualifying for these incentives.
What a Home Energy Audit Covers
- Insulation levels in attic, walls, and basement
- Air leaks around windows, doors, and ducts
- Blower door test (measures total air leakage)
- HVAC efficiency and age assessment
- Water heater type and condition
- Lighting and appliance energy use
- Carbon monoxide and combustion safety
- Moisture and ventilation assessment
- Gas leak detection
- Prioritized list of recommended upgrades
- Estimated cost and savings for each upgrade
- Rebate and tax credit eligibility report
- The average home energy audit identifies $200–$400/year in savings (DOE)
- Properly sealed and insulated homes save 15% on heating and cooling costs (DOE)
- Heat pump upgrades can reduce heating costs by 30–50% compared to electric resistance
- ENERGY STAR certified windows save $101–$583/year compared to single-pane windows
- Weatherization assistance programs are available for income-qualifying households
"Duke Energy Carolinas (Bundled) serves 28274. Your local residential rate is 7.8¢/kWh , which is below the national average - but efficiency upgrades still pay for themselves over time . Many utilities offer additional rebates on top of federal IRA incentives - ask your energy auditor about programs from "Duke Energy Carolinas.
Under the Inflation Reduction Act. Income limits apply for HEEHRA rebates. Tax credits require tax liability. IRS details →
To claim the $150 federal tax credit, your energy audit must meet DOE standards (10 CFR 440.21) and be performed by a qualified auditor. A DOE-compliant audit includes:
- Blower door test to measure air infiltration
- Infrared thermography to identify insulation gaps
- Combustion safety testing for gas appliances
- Written report with prioritized, cost-effective upgrade recommendations
Energy Audit Questions for 28274
How much does a home energy audit cost?
A professional home energy audit typically costs $150–$400 depending on the size of your home and the depth of testing. The Inflation Reduction Act provides a $150 tax credit for qualifying audits performed by a certified auditor, effectively covering a significant portion of the audit cost. Some utilities also subsidize audits for their customers - check with "Duke Energy Carolinas for local programs.
What is the difference between an energy audit and a home inspection?
A home inspection (done during a home sale) evaluates structural and safety conditions. An energy audit specifically measures how your home uses energy and identifies efficiency improvements. Energy audits use specialized tools like blower doors, infrared cameras, and duct blasters that are not part of a standard home inspection. The audit produces a prioritized list of upgrades with estimated costs and savings.
How much can I save after an energy audit?
According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the average audit identifies $200–$400/year in savings. Actual savings depend on your home's age, current insulation, HVAC efficiency, and local energy rates. At current rates in North Carolina, the average home spends approximately $1,706/year on electricity - a 15–25% reduction through audit-recommended upgrades could save $256–$427 annually.
What rebates and tax credits are available for energy upgrades?
The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) provides two types of incentives: (1) Tax credits up to $3,200/year for heat pumps ($2,000), insulation ($1,600), windows ($600), and the audit itself ($150); and (2) HEEHRA rebates for income-qualifying households - up to $8,000 for heat pumps, $1,600 for insulation, $2,500 for electrical panels, and $840 for heat pump dryers. Solar panels qualify for a separate 30% tax credit through 2032.
Do I need an energy audit before installing solar panels?
An energy audit is not legally required before installing solar, but the DOE strongly recommends it. Reducing your home's energy consumption before adding solar means you need a smaller (cheaper) system to cover your needs. An audit typically identifies 15–30% in energy reductions through insulation, air sealing, and HVAC improvements - which directly reduces the size and cost of a solar installation.
How long does a home energy audit take?
A comprehensive energy audit takes 2–4 hours for a typical single-family home. The auditor will inspect the attic, basement, walls, windows, HVAC system, water heater, and ductwork. Diagnostic tests (blower door, infrared scan) add precision to the findings. You will receive a written report within 1–2 weeks with prioritized recommendations and estimated costs.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-169).
Recent Product Recalls
Recent CPSC recalls for plumbing and HVAC products that may affect homes in your area.
Madewell Double V-Neck Pullover and V-Neck Cardigan Sweaters
Topyond Pool Drain Port with Cover
XW-A17 Electric Youth All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs)
Take Action
Concerned about these findings? Contact your local elected officials to ask what is being done about water quality in your area.
Email Your RepresentativeDon't know who to contact? Find your local representative at usa.gov/elected-officials
Frequently Asked Questions
Is the tap water in 28274 safe to drink?
Based on EPA SDWIS data, Charlotte's primary water system (Charlotte Water) has 0 recorded violations in the past 5 years, including 0 health-based. Check the full report above for details. ZipCheckup last updated this page in July 2026. The federal source release date is unavailable, so that month is not presented as source currency.
Where does 28274's water come from?
The primary water source for ZIP code 28274 is Surface water. Charlotte Water serves approximately 1,163,701 people.
How does Charlotte water compare to the national average?
Charlotte's water quality ranks better than 86% of U.S. ZIP codes, and better than 72% within North Carolina.
How can I get my water tested in Charlotte?
Contact your local water utility (Charlotte Water) for a free Consumer Confidence Report, or hire a certified lab for independent home water testing. The EPA recommends annual testing if you use a private well.
What is the radon risk for 28274?
28274 falls in EPA Radon Zone 3 (Low risk), located in Mecklenburg County. Zone 1 indicates the highest radon potential. Testing your home is recommended regardless of zone.
Are there PFAS (forever chemicals) in 28274's water?
Yes, PFAS contamination has been detected in water systems serving 28274. Reverse osmosis and activated carbon filters certified NSF/ANSI 53 or 58 are the most effective at reducing PFAS.
How to cite this page
ZipCheckup. (2026). Charlotte, NC (28274): PFAS Detected - 92/100. https://zipcheckup.com/report/28274/
@misc{zipcheckup-report-28274,
author = {{ZipCheckup}},
title = {{Charlotte, NC (28274): PFAS Detected - 92/100}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://zipcheckup.com/report/28274/}
}
Page version: August 2026.
Nearby ZIP Code Reports
Water quality comparison for ZIP codes near 28274
| ZIP Code | City, State | Distance | Grade | Violations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28207 | Charlotte, NC | <1 mi | A | 0 |
| 28209 | Charlotte, NC | 1.5 mi | A | 0 |
| 28204 | Charlotte, NC | 1.8 mi | A | 0 |
| 28271 | Charlotte, NC | 2.0 mi | N/A | 0 |
| 28203 | Charlotte, NC | 2.1 mi | N/A | 0 |
| 28211 | Charlotte, NC | 2.6 mi | A | 0 |
| 28282 | Charlotte, NC | 2.6 mi | N/A | 0 |
| 28296 | Charlotte, NC | 2.7 mi | N/A | 0 |
| 28263 | Charlotte, NC | 2.8 mi | N/A | 0 |
| 28233 | Charlotte, NC | 2.8 mi | N/A | 0 |
Nearby ZIP Code Reports
2026 Rankings for Your Area
Overall safety breakdown
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ZIP 28274 scores in the top tier nationally.