Health Violations Found SD 1 HEALTH VIOLATION

Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System

EPA ID: SD4600511 · 2,715 people served · 10 ZIP codes

Right now, Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System shows 2 EPA violations marked active and unresolved — the provider continues to supply approximately 2,715 residents while each finding awaits closure.

Data: EPA SDWIS Last verified: 2026-04-02

D · 47
Avg Safety Score
2,715
People Served
10
ZIP Codes Served
3
Violations (5yr)
Groundwater
Water Source
0.006 mg/L
Max Lead Level
Zone 1
Radon Risk · High
3
Contaminants Flagged
$152K
Median Home Value in Service Area

Service Area Map

Coverage area for Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System Source: EPA SDWIS service area boundaries.

Service area boundary — Grade D

Service Area Demographics

$69,870
Median Household Income
9,629
Service Area Population
13%
Disadvantaged Population
50th
Poverty Percentile
51th
Energy Burden Percentile
73%
Pre-1986 Housing

The Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System serves a community with a median household income of $69,870 and an estimated 9,629 residents across its service area. Approximately 73% of housing stock was built before 1986, which increases the likelihood of lead service lines and older plumbing.

💧 Where Does Your Water Come From?

Groundwater

Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System's water is pumped from underground aquifers. Groundwater is naturally filtered through rock and soil, but it can be vulnerable to PFAS contamination, nitrates from agriculture, and industrial chemicals that seep into the water table.

Elevated Risk
Source Contamination Risk
10th
Wastewater Discharge Proximity
0th
Superfund Site Proximity

About 2% of homes in Kingsbury County, South Dakota rely on private wells rather than public water systems. Private well owners are responsible for their own water testing and treatment.

Infrastructure Risk

66 yr
Avg Pipe Age
Galvanized Steel or Copper
Pipe Material
9 yr
Est. Remaining Life
Moderate Wear
Decay Status
Installed 88% of expected lifespan used End of life

Detected Contaminants

How Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System compares to EPA limits

Chlorine residual 1 mg/L (MRDL — Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level) (25% of limit)
0 EPA Limit: 4 mg/L (MRDL — Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level)
Irritation & DBP formation at high levels; protective at normal treatment levels

What This Means For You

Surface Water Treatment Rule at 1 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of mg/L.

Consumer Confidence Report Rule at 1 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of mg/L.

Chlorine residual was detected in this water system. granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration can reduce exposure.

Find a certified water filter →

Comparable Water Systems

Similar-sized systems in South Dakota

C 1 violation
C 3 violations
Lennox
2,571 people
0 violations
C 3 violations
Winner
2,921 people
0 violations

Estimated Remediation Costs

Average estimated costs across ZIP codes served by this system

Radon Mitigation Flood Insurance Water Filtration
Radon Mitigation $1,200
Flood Insurance $733
Water Filtration $33
Total Estimated Cost $1,967

Based on national averages for common remediation projects. Actual costs vary by property. Only issues flagged by EPA, FEMA, or state data for each ZIP code are included.

Cost of Inaction

If water quality issues in this service area are not addressed, the estimated financial impact per household is:

Estimated Healthcare Costs $500

Annual per household (CDC est.)

Estimated Cumulative Cost Per Household

5 years
$2,500
10 years
$5,000
20 years
$10,000

Compare: Estimated remediation cost is $1,967 (one-time) vs. $5,000 in estimated inaction costs over 10 years.

Estimates based on published EPA, CDC, and peer-reviewed research. Individual costs vary by household size, property, and health factors. These are conservative lower-bound estimates intended for awareness, not financial advice.

System Overview

Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System (EPA ID: SD4600511) is a community water system in South Dakota that serves approximately 2,715 people from groundwater sources.

This system provides water to 10 ZIP codes across 10 communities.

Average Home Safety Score: D (47/100)

Based on water quality violations, lead levels, and radon risk across all ZIP codes served by this system.

Violation History

1 health-based violation recorded in the past 5 years. 2 remain unresolved.

Recent Violations

Date Contaminant Type Status
September 1, 2025 Consumer Confidence Report Rule Monitoring Unresolved
July 7, 2025 Chlorine residual Health-based Resolved
July 1, 2025 Surface Water Treatment Rule Monitoring Unresolved

Contaminants Detected

The following contaminants have been flagged in EPA records for this water system:

Contaminant Category Violations Health-Based
Surface Water Treatment Rule Treatment Failure 1 No
Consumer Confidence Report Rule Reporting Failure 1 No
Chlorine residual Disinfectant 1 Yes

Health Risk Details

Chlorine (Residual Disinfectant) (EPA limit: 4 mg/L (MRDL — Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level))

Irritation & DBP formation at high levels; protective at normal treatment levels At-risk groups: people with asthma or chemical sensitivities, kidney dialysis patients (water must be dechlorinated).

Removal methods: granular activated carbon (GAC), KDF media filter, carbon block filter. Find the right filter →

Lead & Copper

EPA Lead and Copper Rule sampling data for ZIP codes served by this system:

ZIP Code Lead Level Exceeds Limit Sample Date
57321 0.006 mg/L No N/A

Radon Risk in Service Area

Dominant radon zone for ZIP codes served by this system: Zone 1 (High Risk)

The EPA recommends testing homes in Zone 1 and Zone 2 areas for radon.

Need help with your water quality?

Typical cost: Water test: typically $20–$50 (DIY kit) · Professional inspection: $150–$400

Find the Right Water Filter

Free tip: Let cold water run for 2 minutes before drinking — this helps flush lead from your pipes.

ZIP Codes Served

Coverage: Service area ZIP codes sourced from EPA Community Water System Service Area Boundaries v3 (March 2026 release). These ZIPs reflect the actual deployment footprint recorded by SD or modeled from parcel and building-footprint data.

Data Sources

This report uses public data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS). View the full compliance record for Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System (SD4600511) on EPA.gov.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System water safe to drink?

Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System has recorded 1 health-based violation in the past 5 years. While the system is required to treat water to meet federal standards, you may want to consider additional precautions such as a certified water filter.

How many people does Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System serve?

Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System serves approximately 2,715 people across 10 ZIP codes in South Dakota.

Where does Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System get its water?

The primary water source is groundwater.

Lead Service Line Inventory

Service line breakdown reported under the federal Lead and Copper Rule Improvements (LCRI) inventory requirement:

10
Confirmed Lead
5
Galvanized — Replacement Required
143
Unknown Material
1,041
Confirmed Non-Lead

Federal LCRI rule (effective October 2024) requires every public water system to inventory its service lines and complete lead-line replacement within 10 years.

Federal Regulatory Status · 2026Q1
LCRR inventory submission: Reported all required service line types
Latest tap sample on 2024-01-01 did not exceed the federal lead action level.
Population served: 2,715
Reported to South Dakota

Source: EPA SDWIS Federal Service Line Inventory (Phase 2) · Submitted 2026

ZipCheckup is not affiliated with the utility or state agency. Inventory figures render verbatim from the public LCRI submission cited above; ZipCheckup does not perform inspections or replacements.

Learn about lead in drinking water →

Frequently Asked Questions

Is water from Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System safe to drink?
Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System has a D safety grade based on 3 recorded violations. Some contaminants may exceed EPA limits — independent testing is recommended.
What contaminants are in Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System's water?
Detected contaminants include Surface Water Treatment Rule, Consumer Confidence Report Rule, Chlorine residual. Each is compared against EPA maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) in the detailed breakdown above.
Should I use a water filter?
Given 2 contaminants above EPA limits, a certified water filter can provide an extra layer of protection. The best type depends on specific contaminants in your water.
How many people does Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System serve?
Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System serves approximately 2,715 people with drinking water across 10 ZIP codes.
What is Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System's water source?
Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System draws water from groundwater sources. Source type affects which contaminants are most likely to be present.
Is there lead in Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System's water?
The maximum detected lead level is 0.006 mg/L. This is within EPA action level guidelines.
What is the demographic profile of Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System's service area?
The Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System service area has a median household income of $69,870. Demographic data is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau and EPA EJScreen.
Where does Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System get its water?
Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System's water is pumped from underground aquifers. Groundwater is naturally filtered through rock and soil, but it can be vulnerable to PFAS contamination, nitrates from agriculture, and industrial chemicals that seep into the water table. Based on violation history and environmental factors, the source contamination risk is currently elevated.

What You Can Do

1

Test your water

Home test kits can detect lead, bacteria, and other contaminants at your tap. Find the right filter →

2

Check your specific ZIP code

Water quality can vary within a system. View nearest ZIP report →

3

Contact your utility

Kingbrook Ii Rural Water System (EPA ID: SD4600511) — request the latest Consumer Confidence Report or ask about specific contaminants.

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