These 24 counties have the highest average infrastructure risk across all their ZIP codes.
| Rank | County | State | ZIP Codes | Avg. Risk | Worst ZIP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kings | New York | 52 | 62% | 11204 (74%) |
| 2 | Doddridge | West Virginia | 3 | 60% | 26436 (66%) |
| 3 | Northwest Arctic | Alaska | 11 | 59% | 99752 (70%) |
| 4 | Otero | Colorado | 6 | 58% | 81030 (64%) |
| 5 | Jewell | Kansas | 6 | 57% | 66963 (71%) |
| 6 | Hoonah-Angoon | Alaska | 3 | 57% | 99820 (69%) |
| 7 | Tyler | West Virginia | 4 | 57% | 26159 (61%) |
| 8 | Lincoln | Kansas | 4 | 57% | 67418 (61%) |
| 9 | Harrison | West Virginia | 23 | 56% | 26366 (72%) |
| 10 | Nome | Alaska | 14 | 56% | 99684 (69%) |
| 11 | Prince of Wales-Hyder | Alaska | 7 | 56% | 99830 (66%) |
| 12 | Tillman | Oklahoma | 6 | 56% | 73530 (62%) |
| 13 | Marshall | West Virginia | 6 | 56% | 26040 (59%) |
| 14 | Montgomery | New York | 8 | 55% | 12010 (73%) |
| 15 | Fayette | West Virginia | 48 | 55% | 25115 (72%) |
| 16 | Aleutians West | Alaska | 4 | 55% | 99546 (66%) |
| 17 | Audubon | Iowa | 5 | 55% | 51543 (64%) |
| 18 | Wetzel | West Virginia | 9 | 55% | 26162 (63%) |
| 19 | Rooks | Kansas | 5 | 55% | 67657 (62%) |
| 20 | Hall | Texas | 4 | 55% | 79239 (60%) |
| 21 | Pocahontas | Iowa | 8 | 55% | 50571 (59%) |
| 22 | Taylor | West Virginia | 6 | 54% | 26435 (72%) |
| 23 | Marion | West Virginia | 18 | 54% | 26560 (72%) |
| 24 | Pratt | Kansas | 5 | 54% | 67066 (70%) |
Methodology
Infrastructure risk rankings combine four data sources, each weighted equally (25%): (1) EPA Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey (DWINS 2023) — state-level 20-year funding gap per capita for pipe replacement, treatment, and storage; (2) Census ACS housing vintage — percentage of homes built before 1980, when lead solder and galvanized pipes were common; (3) EPA SDWIS violation and enforcement data — system-level compliance history; (4) Lead and Copper Rule indicators — service line material inventories and 90th percentile lead testing results. The combined score is normalized to a 0-100% probability scale.