Health Violations Found NC 1 HEALTH VIOLATION

Orange-alamance Water System

EPA ID: NC0368020 · 9,223 people served · 7 ZIP codes

The EPA enforcement database lists 1 active violation for Orange-alamance Water System — a provider that delivers drinking water to approximately 9,223 people and has not yet formally resolved those findings.

Data: EPA SDWIS Last verified: 2026-04-02

B · 82
Avg Safety Score
9,223
People Served
7
ZIP Codes Served
11
Violations (5yr)
Surface Water
Water Source
0.00024 mg/L
Max Lead Level
Zone 3
Radon Risk · Low
6
Contaminants Flagged
$217K
Median Home Value in Service Area

Compliance Trajectory

Worsening · Risk tier: High · 95% chance of violation in next 12 months

Violations went from 3 (2021) to 14 (2025). The pattern suggests growing compliance challenges.

Service Area Map

Coverage area for Orange-alamance Water System Source: EPA SDWIS service area boundaries.

Service area boundary — Grade B

Service Area Demographics

$71,875
Median Household Income
150,859
Service Area Population
22%
Disadvantaged Population
47th
Poverty Percentile
37th
Energy Burden Percentile
44%
Pre-1986 Housing

The Orange-alamance Water System serves a community with a median household income of $71,875 and an estimated 150,859 residents across its service area. Approximately 44% of housing stock was built before 1986, which increases the likelihood of lead service lines and older plumbing.

🌊 Where Does Your Water Come From?

Surface Water

Orange-alamance Water System's water is drawn from rivers, lakes, or reservoirs. Surface water sources are more exposed to agricultural runoff, stormwater, and upstream discharges, but they typically receive more intensive treatment before reaching your tap.

Elevated Risk
Source Contamination Risk
39th
Wastewater Discharge Proximity
29th
Superfund Site Proximity

About 1% of homes in Alamance County, North Carolina rely on private wells rather than public water systems. Private well owners are responsible for their own water testing and treatment.

Infrastructure Risk

36 yr
Avg Pipe Age
Copper
Pipe Material
34 yr
Est. Remaining Life
Moderate Wear
Decay Status
Installed 51% of expected lifespan used End of life

Detected Contaminants

How Orange-alamance Water System compares to EPA limits

Contaminant 1006 1 mg/L (EXCEEDS LIMIT)
0 EPA Limit: 0.006 mg/L
Cholesterol & blood sugar effects, liver damage
Lead 1 mg/L (action level) (EXCEEDS LIMIT)
0 EPA Limit: 0.015 mg/L (action level)
Brain damage in children, kidney & blood pressure in adults
Chlorite 2 mg/L (EXCEEDS LIMIT)
0 EPA Limit: 1 mg/L
Anemia and nervous system effects in infants and children

What This Means For You

Contaminant 1006 at 1 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of 0.006 mg/L. Cholesterol & blood sugar effects, liver damage. Consider reverse osmosis filtration.

Lead at 1 mg/L (action level) exceeds the EPA maximum of 0.015 mg/L (action level). Brain damage in children, kidney & blood pressure in adults. Consider reverse osmosis filtration.

Consumer Confidence Report Rule at 4 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of mg/L.

Chlorite at 2 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of 1 mg/L. Anemia and nervous system effects in infants and children. Consider ferrous sulfate reduction filtration.

Surface Water Treatment Rule at 2 mg/L exceeds the EPA maximum of mg/L.

PFAS Detected in Service Area

PFAS ("forever chemicals") have been detected in water serving this system's area. 35 detections recorded. 10 exceed federal EPA limits (4 ppt for PFOA/PFOS).

State limits: HFPO-DA: 0.01 ppt
Health concern: PFAS are linked to cancer, thyroid disease, immune suppression, and developmental effects. They do not break down naturally.
Recommended filter: Reverse osmosis (RO) or activated carbon filters certified for PFAS removal. Find the right filter →

Contaminant 1006 was detected in this water system. reverse osmosis filtration can reduce exposure.

Find a certified water filter →

Comparable Water Systems

Similar-sized systems in North Carolina

City of Marion,
9,362 people
C 8 violations
B 5 violations
Morehead City, Town of
9,420 people
B 7 violations
B 2 violations
City of Oxford
8,972 people
B 2 violations

Estimated Remediation Costs

Average estimated costs across ZIP codes served by this system

Flood Insurance PFAS Treatment Water Filtration
Flood Insurance $1,814
PFAS Treatment $429
Water Filtration $171
Total Estimated Cost $2,414

Based on national averages for common remediation projects. Actual costs vary by property. Only issues flagged by EPA, FEMA, or state data for each ZIP code are included.

Cost of Inaction

If water quality issues in this service area are not addressed, the estimated financial impact per household is:

Estimated Healthcare Costs $1,000

Annual per household (CDC est.)

PFAS Exposure — Lifetime Cost $1,000

Per person (emerging research est.)

Estimated Cumulative Cost Per Household

5 years
$5,165
10 years
$10,330
20 years
$20,660

Compare: Estimated remediation cost is $2,414 (one-time) vs. $10,330 in estimated inaction costs over 10 years.

Estimates based on published EPA, CDC, and peer-reviewed research. Individual costs vary by household size, property, and health factors. These are conservative lower-bound estimates intended for awareness, not financial advice.

System Overview

ORANGE-ALAMANCE WATER SYSTEM (EPA ID: NC0368020) is a community water system in North Carolina that serves approximately 9,223 people from surface water sources.

This system provides water to 7 ZIP codes across 7 communities.

Average Home Safety Score: B (82/100)

Based on water quality violations, lead levels, and radon risk across all ZIP codes served by this system.

Violation History

1 health-based violation recorded in the past 5 years. 1 remains unresolved.

Recent Violations

Date Contaminant Type Status
July 1, 2025 Chlorite Health-based Unresolved
October 1, 2024 Chlorite Monitoring Resolved
July 1, 2024 Surface Water Treatment Rule Monitoring Resolved
January 1, 2024 Lead Monitoring Resolved
July 1, 2023 Surface Water Treatment Rule Monitoring Resolved
April 1, 2023 Consumer Confidence Report Rule Monitoring Resolved
April 1, 2023 Consumer Confidence Report Rule Monitoring Resolved
March 11, 2023 Consumer Confidence Report Rule Monitoring Resolved
January 1, 2023 Stage 1 DBP Rule Monitoring Resolved

Contaminants Detected

The following contaminants have been flagged in EPA records for this water system:

Contaminant Category Violations Health-Based
Consumer Confidence Report Rule Reporting Failure 4 No
Chlorite Disinfection Byproducts 2 Yes
Surface Water Treatment Rule Treatment Failure 2 No
Contaminant 1006 Other Violation 1 No
Lead Inorganic 1 No
Stage 1 DBP Rule Treatment Failure 1 No

Health Risk Details

Chlorite (EPA limit: 1 mg/L)

Anemia and nervous system effects in infants and children At-risk groups: infants, developing fetuses, people with G6PD deficiency.

Removal methods: ferrous sulfate reduction, activated carbon, reverse osmosis. Find the right filter →

Lead & Copper

EPA Lead and Copper Rule sampling data for ZIP codes served by this system:

ZIP Code Lead Level Exceeds Limit Sample Date
27243 0.00024 mg/L No N/A

Radon Risk in Service Area

Dominant radon zone for ZIP codes served by this system: Zone 3 (Low Risk)

Need help with your water quality?

Typical cost: Water test: typically $20–$50 (DIY kit) · Professional inspection: $150–$400

Find the Right Water Filter

Free tip: Let cold water run for 2 minutes before drinking — this helps flush lead from your pipes.

ZIP Codes Served

Coverage: 6 ZIP codes confirmed via EPA Community Water System Service Area Boundaries v3 plus 1 additional ZIP inferred from SDWIS registry data. The EPA-confirmed set is the most reliable; SDWIS-inferred entries may be narrower than the real deployment area.

Data Sources

This report uses public data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS). View the full compliance record for Orange-alamance Water System (NC0368020) on EPA.gov.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Orange-alamance Water System water safe to drink?

Orange-alamance Water System has recorded 1 health-based violation in the past 5 years. While the system is required to treat water to meet federal standards, you may want to consider additional precautions such as a certified water filter.

How many people does Orange-alamance Water System serve?

Orange-alamance Water System serves approximately 9,223 people across 7 ZIP codes in North Carolina.

Where does Orange-alamance Water System get its water?

The primary water source is surface water.

Federal UCMR5 PFAS Monitoring: Above Current MCL

This water system was tested under the federal EPA Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR5). One or more PFAS compounds were measured above the current state-enforceable MCL.

Samples collected
284
Detections
9
Latest sample
10/15/2025
Highest analyte
PFOS: 11.8 ppt
Analyte Max detected Current MCL Status
PFOS 11.8 ppt 10 ppt Above current MCL
PFOA 9.4 ppt 10 ppt Above 2029 federal MCL
PFHxA 4 ppt
PFPeA 3.9 ppt
PFHpA 3.3 ppt

Current MCL reflects the lowest state-enforceable limit (NYS 10 ppt for PFOA/PFOS, effective August 2020). The federal final MCL of 4 ppt for PFOA/PFOS (EPA April 2024 rule) is not enforceable until April 2029. Detections above 4 ppt but below 10 ppt are below current MCL but above the future federal limit.

Source: U.S. EPA UCMR5 (Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule, 5th cycle) — per-system federal sampling, 2023–2025. EPA UCMR5 monitoring program →

Understand PFAS health context and filtration →

Lead Service Line Inventory

Service line breakdown reported under the federal Lead and Copper Rule Improvements (LCRI) inventory requirement:

0
Confirmed Lead
0
Galvanized — Replacement Required
2,991
Unknown Material
648
Confirmed Non-Lead

This system reports zero confirmed lead service lines in its inventory. Unknown-material counts may still warrant verification.

Federal LCRI rule (effective October 2024) requires every public water system to inventory its service lines and complete lead-line replacement within 10 years.

Federal Regulatory Status · 2026Q1
LCRR inventory submission: Reported all required service line types
Latest tap sample on 2023-01-01 did not exceed the federal lead action level.
Population served: 9,223
Reported to North Carolina

Source: EPA SDWIS Federal Service Line Inventory (Phase 2) · Submitted 2026

ZipCheckup is not affiliated with the utility or state agency. Inventory figures render verbatim from the public LCRI submission cited above; ZipCheckup does not perform inspections or replacements.

Learn about lead in drinking water →

How Water Systems Appear in Rankings

Water systems are evaluated by violation history, contaminant detections, and service population. Larger systems with more service connections appear in more rankings.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is water from Orange-alamance Water System safe to drink?
Orange-alamance Water System earns a B safety grade with 11 violations in the past 5 years. Tap water meets EPA standards for most contaminants.
What contaminants are in Orange-alamance Water System's water?
Detected contaminants include Contaminant 1006, Lead, Consumer Confidence Report Rule, Chlorite. Each is compared against EPA maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) in the detailed breakdown above.
Should I use a water filter?
Given 5 contaminants above EPA limits, a certified water filter can provide an extra layer of protection. The best type depends on specific contaminants in your water.
How many people does Orange-alamance Water System serve?
Orange-alamance Water System serves approximately 9,223 people with drinking water across 7 ZIP codes.
What is Orange-alamance Water System's water source?
Orange-alamance Water System draws water from surface water sources. Source type affects which contaminants are most likely to be present.
Is there lead in Orange-alamance Water System's water?
The maximum detected lead level is 0.00024 mg/L. This is within EPA action level guidelines.
What is the demographic profile of Orange-alamance Water System's service area?
The Orange-alamance Water System service area has a median household income of $71,875. Demographic data is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau and EPA EJScreen.
Where does Orange-alamance Water System get its water?
Orange-alamance Water System's water is drawn from rivers, lakes, or reservoirs. Surface water sources are more exposed to agricultural runoff, stormwater, and upstream discharges, but they typically receive more intensive treatment before reaching your tap. Based on violation history and environmental factors, the source contamination risk is currently elevated.

What You Can Do

1

Test your water

Home test kits can detect lead, bacteria, and other contaminants at your tap. Find the right filter →

2

Check your specific ZIP code

Water quality can vary within a system. View nearest ZIP report →

3

Contact your utility

Orange-alamance Water System (EPA ID: NC0368020) — request the latest Consumer Confidence Report or ask about specific contaminants.

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