Billings, MT (59108): 5 Health Violations — 73/100
EPA data for City of Billings
Unlike procedural violations, the 5 findings on record for 59108 in Billings, MT are health-based — EPA classified each as a contaminant safety-limit breach.
Data source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SDWIS Last verified: April 2, 2026
Key Findings
4 other areas checked — no concerns found.
At a Glance
- Water EPA records show 5 health-based violations and 29 non-health on the water system serving this ZIP (5-year window).
- Lead Lead reading of 0.005 mg/L is below EPA action level but elevated; filtration is advisable.
- Radon EPA Zone 2 — moderate predicted indoor radon (2–4 pCi/L).
What’s Happening in Billings, Montana
5 active health-based violations are currently on record for the water system serving this ZIP.
What's Happening
improvingScore improving
Updated 2026-06-03 · Based on EPA and public utility data
Consider a whole-home water filter
This water system has 5 health-based violations in the past 5 years — significantly more than the national median of 0. A certified water filter can reduce contaminant exposure.
Recommended Buyer Guides for This ZIP
Independent guides — grounded in EPA, NSF, FEMA, and CDC standards. Matched to risks detected in your area.
- Best Under-Sink Reverse Osmosis Systems — Multi-contaminant removal
This Summer — what to check
Season-specific maintenance for home safety. Universal tasks — apply everywhere unless noted.
-
Water Heater
Flush sediment (1–2×/year). Cuts energy use and prevents bacterial growth in low-use hot-water pockets.
Source: DOE -
Wildfire & Smoke
Clear leaves and debris from gutters and the 30-ft home-ignition zone. Replace HVAC filters with MERV 13+.
Source: Firewise -
HVAC Filter
Peak AC run. Replace filters monthly during high pollen / wildfire-smoke days; standard interval otherwise.
Source: EPA IAQ
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How Billings Compares
Safety Score vs. Yellowstone County and Montana averages
| Metric | Billings | Yellowstone County | Montana |
|---|---|---|---|
| Safety Score | 73 | 68 | 55 |
| EPA Violations (total) | 34 | 19.1 | 5.2 |
| Lead (ppb) | 5 | 4.7 | 3.4 |
County and state averages computed from 41,344 ZIP codes. Data: EPA SDWIS.
Each number below connects you directly to a licensed specialist contractor in your area. Calls are free.
5 health-based water quality violations on record
34 total EPA violations recorded for City of Billings
Recent EPA enforcement actions against this water system
See incorrect data? Let us know
🔍Key Insights for Billings 59108
Derived from EPA, Census, FEMA, and EIA data — exclusive to ZipCheckup
Score Breakdown
How your Home Safety Score of 58 is calculated.
Score has been stable — no change in the last 90 days.
Safety & Health (9) HIGH
Compliance Alerts for 59108
1 issue flagged based on EPA data, state regulations, and housing age estimates.
Estimates based on EPA data, U.S. Census ACS housing vintage, and state regulations. Individual homes may vary.
Compliance Risk Forecast
Probability of future drinking water violations based on historical patterns, enforcement trends, and system size.
95% probability of new violation within 2 years
Based on 25.45 events/year rate. Model uses Poisson distribution with trend and system-size adjustments.
Service Disruption Risk
Critical45% estimated probability of a boil water advisory or service interruption in the next 90 days.
Based on infrastructure age, EPA violation history, flood exposure, and seasonal patterns.
Estimates based on EPA enforcement data, U.S. Census ACS housing vintage, and FEMA flood claims. Not a guarantee of disruption.
Your Water System
ZIP code 59108 in Billings, Montana is served by City of Billings (EPA ID: MT0000153). This system provides water to approximately 114,000 people from surface water sources.
There are 5 community water systems serving this area.
Home Safety Score: B (73/100)
Based on water quality violations, lead levels, and radon risk in your area. This score is better than 61% of ZIP codes nationally and 95% in Montana.
| Factor | Status | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Water Quality | poor | 34 violations, 5 health-based |
| Lead in Water | safe | 0.005 mg/L (EPA action level: 0.015 mg/L) |
| Radon Risk | Moderate | Zone 2 |
| Gas Safety | low | 2 incidents, score 6/100 |
| Wildfire Smoke | moderate | score 34/100, 27 county fires (5yr) |
| Earthquake Risk | Very Low | score 2.6/50 |
| Superfund NPL | Very High | nearest 1.2 mi (Billings PCE), 2 sites within 10 km |
Lead & Copper in Your Water
The EPA requires water systems to monitor lead and copper levels under the Lead and Copper Rule.
| Metal | Measured Level | EPA Action Level | Status | Sample Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead | 0.005 mg/L | 0.015 mg/L | Within limit | N/A |
Radon Risk
Radon Zone 2 — Moderate potential (Yellowstone County)
EPA recommends homes consider radon testing. Zone 2 indicates moderate radon potential (predicted average indoor radon screening level between 2 and 4 pCi/L).
CO & Gas Safety
Gas Distribution Risk: Low (score: 6/100)
2 gas distribution incidents recorded in this county since 2004. Most recent: 2019.
The CPSC recommends CO detectors on every level of your home. Have gas appliances inspected annually by a licensed technician.
Wildfire & Smoke Risk
Smoke Risk: Moderate (score: 34/100)
27 wildfires recorded in this county over the past 5 years. Nearest recent wildfire: 17 km (11 miles).
Monitor air quality at AirNow.gov during fire season (June–November). A HEPA air purifier can reduce indoor PM2.5 by up to 80% during smoke events.
Earthquake & Seismic Risk
Risk Rating: Very Low (score: 2.6/50)
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Risk Score | 2.6 |
| Risk Rating | Very Low |
| Annual Frequency | < 0.001 damaging events/yr |
| Expected Annual Loss | $97K (Very Low) |
Monitor seismic activity at the USGS Earthquake Map. Secure heavy furniture, maintain an emergency kit, and know your gas shutoff location.
Superfund Site Proximity
Proximity Risk: Very High (score: 67/100)
Nearest NPL site: Billings PCE at 1.2 miles (2 km).
| Radius | NPL Sites |
|---|---|
| Within 5 km (3.1 mi) | 2 |
| Within 10 km (6.2 mi) | 2 |
| Within 25 km (15.5 mi) | 2 |
Nearest NPL Sites
- Billings PCE — 1.2 mi (Active Cleanup), listed 09/09/2021
- Lockwood Solvent Ground Water Plume — 2.6 mi (Active Cleanup), listed 12/01/2000
Search nearby sites at the EPA Superfund Site Search. If you garden or use well water near an NPL site, consider soil and water testing.
Violation Summary
Recent Violations
| Date | Contaminant | Type | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| October 1, 2025 | Contaminant 0700 | Health-based | Resolved |
| September 1, 2025 | Contaminant 0700 | Monitoring | Resolved |
| July 1, 2025 | Surface Water Treatment Rule | Monitoring | Resolved |
| July 1, 2025 | Surface Water Treatment Rule | Monitoring | Resolved |
| April 1, 2025 | Contaminant 0700 | Monitoring | Resolved |
| December 1, 2024 | Contaminant 0700 | Monitoring | Resolved |
| October 1, 2024 | Stage 1 DBP Rule | Monitoring | Resolved |
| October 1, 2024 | Stage 1 DBP Rule | Monitoring | Resolved |
| October 1, 2023 | Surface Water Treatment Rule | Monitoring | Resolved |
| July 1, 2023 | Surface Water Treatment Rule | Monitoring | Resolved |
| July 1, 2023 | Stage 1 DBP Rule | Monitoring | Resolved |
| April 1, 2023 | Stage 1 DBP Rule | Health-based | Resolved |
| April 1, 2023 | Stage 1 DBP Rule | Monitoring | Resolved |
| April 1, 2023 | Arsenic | Health-based | Resolved |
| April 1, 2023 | Contaminant 0700 | Monitoring | Resolved |
| March 1, 2023 | Contaminant 0700 | Monitoring | Resolved |
| February 1, 2023 | Contaminant 0700 | Monitoring | Resolved |
| January 1, 2023 | Contaminant 0700 | Monitoring | Resolved |
| January 1, 2023 | Arsenic | Health-based | Unresolved |
Contaminants Detected
The following contaminants have been flagged in EPA records for water systems serving this ZIP code:
| Contaminant | Category | Violations | Health-Based |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contaminant 0700 | Other | 14 | Yes |
| Surface Water Treatment Rule | Treatment Technique | 10 | No |
| Stage 1 DBP Rule | Treatment Technique | 6 | Yes |
| Arsenic | Inorganic | 3 | Yes |
| Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) | Disinfection Byproducts | 1 | No |
Energy Costs in MT
Residential electricity rate: 12.86¢/kWh — 24% below the national average (17.0¢/kWh).
Lower electricity rates in Montana make electric appliances and heat pumps a cost-effective choice compared to other states.
Energy Sources
Montana generates 57.5% of its electricity from renewable sources — 31% above the national average of 26.9%. Including nuclear, 57.5% of the state's power is carbon-free (EIA 2025).
| Source | Share |
|---|---|
| Coal | 35.2% |
| Hydroelectric | 34.3% |
| Wind | 21.9% |
| Natural gas | 4.6% |
| Petroleum | 1.6% |
| Solar | 1.2% |
Need help with your water quality?
Typical cost: Water test: typically $20–$50 (DIY kit) · Professional inspection: $150–$400
Find the Right Water FilterFree tip: Let cold water run for 2 minutes before drinking — this helps flush lead from your pipes.
Water Systems Serving This Area
| System Name | EPA ID | Population | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| City of Billings | MT0000153 | 114,000 | Surface water |
| Company Water District of Billings Heights | MT0000155 | 12,000 | Surface water |
| Lockwood Water and Sewer District | MT0000156 | 5,900 | Surface water |
| Pioneer Water Service | MT0004226 | 900 | Surface water |
| Meadowlark of Billings Llc | MT0000464 | 800 | Groundwater |
What You Can Do
- Request your water system's Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) — Your utility is required to publish this annually
- Consider a home water test — Independent testing can reveal issues in your specific plumbing
- Install a certified water filter — NSF-certified filters can address specific contaminants
- Contact your water provider — Ask about current treatment and any ongoing remediation
Need help with water testing or filtration?
Typical cost: Water test: typically $20–$50 (DIY kit) · Professional inspection: $150–$400
Find the Right Water FilterFree tip: Let cold water run for 2 minutes before drinking — this helps flush lead from your pipes.
Other Water Quality Reports in Montana
- 59001 (Absarokee) — 2 violations
- 59002 (Acton)
- 59003 (Ashland) — 31 violations
- 59004 (Ashland) — 31 violations
- 59006 (Ballantine)
- 59007 (Bearcreek)
- 59008 (Belfry)
- 59010 (Bighorn)
- 59011 (Big Timber)
- 59012 (Birney)
- 59013 (Boyd)
- 59014 (Bridger) — 2 violations
- 59015 (Broadview) — 3 violations
- 59016 (Busby)
- 59018 (Clyde Park) — 4 violations
- 59019 (Columbus) — 10 violations
- 59020 (Cooke City) — 6 violations
- 59022 (Crow Agency)
- 59024 (Custer)
- 59025 (Decker)
Nearby Water Quality Reports
- 59103 (Billings) — <1 mi — 34 violations
- 59104 (Billings) — <1 mi — 34 violations
- 59111 (Billings) — <1 mi — 34 violations
- 59112 (Billings) — <1 mi — 34 violations
- 59114 (Billings) — <1 mi — 34 violations
- 59115 (Billings) — <1 mi — 34 violations
- 59116 (Billings) — <1 mi — 34 violations
- 59117 (Billings) — <1 mi — 34 violations
- 59101 (Billings) — <1 mi — 34 violations
- 59102 (Billings) — 3 mi — 34 violations
Data Sources
This report uses public data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS). View the full compliance record for City of Billings (MT0000153) on EPA.gov.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is the tap water in 59108 safe to drink?
Billings's water system has recorded 5 health-based violations in the past 5 years. While the system is required to treat water to meet federal standards, you may want to consider additional precautions such as a certified water filter.
Where does 59108's water come from?
The primary water source for this area is surface water. City of Billings serves approximately 114,000 people.
How can I get my water tested?
Contact your local water utility for a free water quality report, or hire a certified lab for independent home water testing. The EPA recommends testing annually if you use a private well.
Does 59108 have lead in the water?
Lead and Copper Rule sampling data for ZIP code 59108 shows a lead level of 0.005 mg/L, which is below the EPA action level of 0.015 mg/L. Still, older homes with lead service lines or pre-1986 plumbing may have higher levels at individual taps.
What is the radon risk in 59108?
ZIP code 59108 (Yellowstone County) falls in EPA Radon Zone 2, indicating moderate radon potential. Zone 2 areas have moderate radon potential, and the EPA recommends considering radon testing for homes in this area.
USGS reports that 4 of the top compounds applied across the surrounding county are flagged by the EPA for drinking-water monitoring — see the agricultural pesticide-use section
Score History
Tracking since 2026-03-18 · 54 data points
Safety Score Timeline
Environmental Incidents
Enforcement Actions
Understanding EPA Enforcement
- MCL Violation — Contaminant exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Level set by EPA
- Treatment Technique (TT) — Water system failed to follow required treatment methods
- Formal Enforcement — EPA or state issued a legal order (administrative order, court action, or compliance order)
- Resolved — The water system returned to compliance
Source: EPA Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO). Data from the Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS). Updated quarterly.
Health Risks from Detected Contaminants
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)
High RiskEPA limit: 0.08 mg/L
Bladder & rectal cancer risk; reproductive concerns
At-risk groups: pregnant women, long-term consumers of chlorinated water, people who frequently shower in chlorinated water
Removal: granular activated carbon (GAC), carbon block filter, point-of-entry aeration · Find a filter →
Consumer Confidence Report
2024 ReportAnnual water quality report published by City of Billings for ZIP code 59108.
Lead & Copper Rule Results
What Is a Consumer Confidence Report?
Every community water system in the U.S. is required by the EPA to publish an annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR), also known as a Water Quality Report. It lists all detected contaminants, their levels compared to federal limits (MCLs), and information about where your water comes from.
How to Read Your CCR
- MCL (Maximum Contaminant Level) — the highest level of a contaminant allowed in drinking water
- MCLG (Maximum Contaminant Level Goal) — the level below which there is no known health risk
- Action Level — used for lead and copper; triggers treatment if exceeded at the 90th percentile
- A violation means detected levels exceeded the MCL — your utility must notify you and take corrective action
Childhood Environmental Risk Score — 59108
Elevated RiskThis ZIP's score is higher than 49% of U.S. ZIP codes and 52% of those in Montana — a relative ranking, not a verdict on any home.
Risk Factor Breakdown
Water system violation history is the largest contributor to this ZIP's score. A pattern of violations can signal recurring quality issues worth monitoring, and reviewing a system's recent record helps families know what to ask about.
- Children under 6 are most vulnerable to lead exposure — there is no safe level of lead in blood
- Test your home's drinking water, especially if your home was built before 1986
What families can do
Here are calm, practical steps families in this ZIP can consider — informational guidance, not cause for alarm.
No specific actions are flagged for this ZIP. The general guidance above still applies to every family.
Know a family in 59108? A free 30-second ZIP check shows them the same lead, water, and housing data.
Lead Pipe Replacement Funding for Montana
Key LCRI Deadlines
What This Means for You
- If your home was built before 1986, it may have lead service lines
- Your water utility is required to inventory and replace lead lines at no cost to you
- Contact your water utility to check if your address is in their inventory
Source: EPA DWSRF Lead Service Line Replacement Program, FY2025 Allotment Memorandum.
Active Alerts in Montana
0 active weather alerts in Montana. Severe weather can affect your water quality and home safety.
Environmental Hazards (8) MODERATE
Air Quality for 59108
Air quality is satisfactory, and air pollution poses little or no risk. Enjoy outdoor activities.
Termite Risk for 59108
Slight Risk ZoneNot required for VA loans; minimal termite risk
No mandatory inspection
Termite Damage in the U.S.
- Termites cause an estimated $5 billion in property damage annually in the United States, according to the USDA.
- Standard termite treatment costs $225–$2,500; fumigation for severe infestations: $2,000–$8,000.
- Homeowner insurance typically does not cover termite damage, as it is considered preventable.
What Homeowners Should Know
- Annual termite inspections are recommended in moderate-to-heavy risk zones. Early detection can prevent thousands in repair costs.
- VA and FHA loans require a clear NPMA-33 (Wood Destroying Insect Inspection Report) for closing in most states.
- Warning signs: mud tubes on foundation walls, hollow-sounding wood, discarded wings near windows, and frass (droppings) near baseboards.
- Preventive treatment ($200–$900 per year) is far less expensive than structural damage repair, which averages $3,000 and can exceed $50,000.
- Even in lower-risk zones, subterranean termites can be active. Consider an inspection if purchasing an older home or if you notice warning signs.
Source: USDA Forest Service Termite Infestation Probability (TIP) zones, VA/FHA lender requirements, Montana pest control regulations. Inspection cost estimates reflect typical market rates and may vary by provider, property size, and location. This information is for general guidance only.
Pest Risk for 59108
Low Pest Pressurerodents, carpenter ants, bed bugs, mosquitoes and stink bugs
- West Nile activity zone
Required for VA loans in all states; not state-mandated
Up to $5,000 per violation
Why This Matters
- Health risks: Mosquitoes transmit West Nile virus (1,000+ U.S. cases annually). Ticks spread Lyme disease (estimated 476,000 cases/year per CDC). Rodent droppings can carry hantavirus.
- Property damage: Carpenter ants and termites cause billions in structural damage annually. Rodents gnaw wiring, creating fire hazards.
- Food safety: Cockroaches and rodents contaminate food preparation areas and can trigger allergies and asthma, especially in children.
- Even in lower-pressure regions like Montana, indoor pests (bed bugs, rodents) remain a concern. Inspect when purchasing a home or if you notice signs of activity.
Common Questions
Source: CDC vector-borne disease surveillance, EPA pesticide regulation data, Montana pest control board, NPMA pest prevalence maps. Inspection cost estimates reflect typical market rates and may vary by provider, property size, and location. This information is for general guidance only.
Wildfire & Smoke Risk Profile
Wildfire Smoke Safety Tips
- Air purifier with HEPA filter: run in the room where you spend the most time. Close windows and doors during smoke events.
- N95 or KN95 masks: standard cloth and surgical masks do not filter fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfire smoke.
- Seal gaps: use wet towels or tape around doors and windows to reduce smoke infiltration during poor air quality days.
- Monitor AQI: check AirNow.gov daily during fire season. AQI above 100 = unhealthy for sensitive groups; above 150 = unhealthy for everyone.
- Create a clean room: designate one room with the air purifier running, keep it sealed, and limit time outdoors when AQI is elevated.
Protect Your Indoor Air from Wildfire Smoke
A HEPA air purifier can reduce indoor PM2.5 by up to 80% during smoke events. Portable units for a single room start at $80. Whole-home solutions start at $300.
Product links may earn a commission — see our disclosure.
Earthquake & Seismic Risk Profile
Earthquake Preparedness Tips
- Secure heavy furniture: anchor bookshelves, water heaters, and large appliances to wall studs. Unsecured items cause most earthquake injuries.
- Emergency kit: water (1 gallon per person per day for 3 days), non-perishable food, flashlight, batteries, first aid kit, wrench to turn off gas. Keep kits at home and in your car.
- Know how to shut off gas: locate the gas meter shutoff valve and keep a wrench nearby. Gas leaks are a leading cause of post-earthquake fires.
- Drop, Cover, Hold On: during shaking, drop to hands and knees, take cover under a sturdy table, and hold on. Do not stand in doorways or run outside.
- Structural retrofit: homes built before 1980 may need foundation bolting or cripple wall bracing. FEMA's earthquake resources offer guidance on retrofitting.
- USGS ShakeMap: monitor real-time and recent seismic activity at earthquake.usgs.gov.
Build Your Earthquake Preparedness Kit
FEMA recommends every household in a seismic zone maintain a 72-hour emergency kit. Pre-assembled kits start at $40 and include water, food, first aid, and tools.
Product links may earn a commission — see our disclosure.
Mold Risk Assessment for 59108
Very Low RiskWinter humidity (66%) remains elevated in this area. Condensation on cold surfaces creates mold-favorable conditions even in cooler months. Summer humidity averages 42%.
Why Mold Matters
- The CDC and EPA identify mold as a significant indoor health hazard. Common symptoms include respiratory irritation, allergic reactions, and asthma exacerbation.
- Mold begins growing within 24–48 hours on damp surfaces when relative humidity exceeds 60%. Bathrooms, basements, and crawl spaces are most vulnerable.
- Professional mold remediation costs $1,500–$9,000 on average. Homeowner insurance often excludes mold coverage unless caused by a "covered peril."
- Homes built before 1980 typically lack modern vapor barriers and ventilation systems, increasing moisture infiltration risk.
Prevention Recommendations
- Keep indoor humidity below 50% using ventilation or a dehumidifier in moisture-prone areas (bathrooms, basements, laundry rooms).
- Ensure proper ventilation: use exhaust fans in bathrooms and kitchens, and keep attic and crawl space vents unblocked.
- Fix leaks immediately. Even small plumbing leaks can create mold-favorable conditions within 48 hours.
- Monitor indoor humidity with a hygrometer ($10–$20). Target 30–50% year-round.
Respiratory Risk Today
Low RiskSuperfund Sites & Soil Contamination Risk
Nearest Superfund (NPL) Sites
| Site Name | Distance | Status | Listed |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Billings PCE
Billings, Montana
|
1.2 mi | Active Cleanup | 09/09/2021 |
|
Lockwood Solvent Ground Water Plume
Billings, Montana
|
2.6 mi | Active Cleanup | 12/01/2000 |
What Are Superfund NPL Sites?
The National Priorities List (NPL) is the EPA's list of the most contaminated sites in the United States. These sites are eligible for federal cleanup funding under CERCLA (the "Superfund" law). Common contaminants include heavy metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and industrial solvents that can leach into soil, groundwater, and air.
- Active Cleanup: EPA is investigating or remediating the site — contamination may still be present.
- Construction Complete: Physical cleanup is done, but long-term monitoring continues.
- Deleted: Site meets EPA cleanup standards and has been removed from the NPL.
Know What's in Your Soil
If you live near a Superfund site, a home soil test kit can detect heavy metals, lead, and other contaminants — especially important if you garden, have children, or use well water.
Product links may earn a commission — see our disclosure.
Agricultural pesticide use in the surrounding county
USGS estimates how many kilograms of agricultural pesticides are applied each year in this ZIP code’s surrounding county, plus the five most-applied compounds. These are county-level use estimates, not a measurement of any pesticide in the tap water served to this ZIP code.
Top compounds by volume
The five compounds applied in the largest amounts across this county. Where the EPA sets a drinking-water reference limit (MCL) for a compound, that limit is shown for context — it is a regulatory reference, not a finding of any concentration in this ZIP code’s water.
-
Moderate water concernGLYPHOSATEHerbicide · 70.1k kg/yr · EPA drinking-water reference limit: 700 ppb
-
Moderate water concern2,4-DHerbicide · 8.2k kg/yr · EPA drinking-water reference limit: 70 ppb
-
High water concernATRAZINEHerbicide · 3.7k kg/yr · EPA drinking-water reference limit: 3 ppb
-
Low water concernPENDIMETHALINHerbicide · 3.5k kg/yr
-
High water concernMETOLACHLORHerbicide · 2.1k kg/yr
4 of the top compounds are ones the EPA flags for drinking-water monitoring — see the drinking-water section above
What this means
- These figures describe pesticide application across the surrounding county, not the drinking water at this address.
- An EPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is a regulatory reference for how much of a compound is allowed in finished tap water — it is not a finding of contamination at this ZIP code.
- Tested drinking-water results from the local water system — when reported — appear in the drinking-water section of this report.
Methodology: Annual county pesticide-use estimates are from the USGS Pesticide National Synthesis Project, mapped from county FIPS to ZIP code. EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels are reproduced from federal drinking-water regulations and are reference points only.
Informational only. County-level agricultural pesticide-use estimates are not a measurement of any pesticide in the drinking water served by this ZIP code, nor an assessment of health risk. Tested drinking-water results, when reported by the local water system, appear in the drinking-water section above.
Home & Infrastructure (4) OK
Home Buyer Risk Report
An inspection-grade snapshot of public-data risk factors for this ZIP, built to help a buyer decide what to verify before closing.
Public federal data shows a moderate risk profile for this ZIP. Several factors below are worth verifying independently before closing.
Seven-factor inspection checklist
Each factor below is scored 0–100 from public federal data. A higher score means the factor is more worth verifying before you buy.
The local water system's recent EPA violation and contaminant history, along with an independent tap-water test, gives more context.
The FEMA flood zone, whether the property has flooded before, and flood-insurance requirements are key points to review.
The EPA recommends testing every home for radon; homes in EPA Radon Zone 1 have the highest potential.
Local air-quality history is useful context; for sensitive occupants, an HVAC system with good filtration helps.
Nearby hazards
EPA Superfund sites within 10 km: 2. Nearest: Billings PCE (about 2 km away).
ATSDR public-health assessment for nearby sites: Indeterminate Public Health Hazard.
Modeled probability of a local water-service disruption in the next 90 days.
See the 90-day disruption outlookHealthcare access
Hospitals reported by CMS Hospital Compare near this ZIP code, with overall federal quality star ratings where CMS publishes one.
Closest hospitals
-
CMS 4-star ratingBillings ClinicAcute care · 0.6 mi away · ER
-
CMS 4-star ratingIntermountain Health ST Vincent Regional HospitalAcute care · 5.9 mi away · ER
Across the rated hospitals within 15 miles, the average CMS overall-quality rating is 4.0 (CMS scale: 1 to 5).
Federal data from CMS Hospital Compare. Distances are straight-line estimates from the ZIP code centroid; ZipCheckup neither ranks nor recommends any hospital.
Inspection-day checklist
Practical items to raise with your inspector, agent, or the seller — tailored to this ZIP's data.
- Review the local water system's recent disruption and violation history with the utility.
- Hire an independent home inspector for a full walkthrough of the property.
- Read the seller's disclosure and any past inspection or repair records.
- Ask for service records for the HVAC system, water heater, and roof.
What this means
- This report consolidates seven home-purchase risk factors and nearby hazards from public federal data into one place.
- Each flagged item is a recommendation to verify independently — not a finding of a defect.
- An independent home inspection remains an essential step before closing.
Methodology: The report combines the home purchase risk score — a seven-factor composite of public federal data — with EPA Superfund, ATSDR, water-disruption, and NRC nuclear-zone proximity datasets. All figures are modeled estimates.
Informational only. This is a modeled summary of public federal data, not a home inspection, an appraisal, or a prediction of defects. Verify any concern with a qualified inspector before a purchase.
Water Infrastructure Risk
Risk Factor Breakdown
What This Means
ZIP code 59108 has some aging water infrastructure. While not at the highest risk level, periodic water testing is a sensible precaution, particularly if your home was built before 1980.
Infrastructure Decay & Disruption
Water pipe decay
Local water mains have an estimated 9 years of modeled service life remaining.
Bridge condition (FHWA NBI)
Bridge figures are from the Federal Highway Administration's National Bridge Inventory. They describe area-level structural ratings, not the safety of any specific bridge.
Bridge condition — FHWA NBI 2024 annual release
Of 290 bridges classified within this ZIP code's surrounding county, 6 are classified Poor by FHWA NBI 2024.
Good (92) · Fair (192) · Poor (6)
FHWA classifies bridges as Good (rating 7-9), Fair (5-6), or Poor (0-4) based on biennial inspections of deck, superstructure, substructure, and culvert components.
Counts are county-level aggregated; multiple ZIP codes within the same county share these counts. No per-bridge or per-structure-ID claim is made.
Source: FHWA National Bridge Inventory, 2024 annual release.
Gas pipeline incident history
PHMSA records 2 reported gas-distribution pipeline incidents on file for this area.
Source: U.S. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) historical incident data.
This is the modeled probability of a boil-water advisory or water-service interruption in the next 90 days.
See the full service-disruption breakdown →What this means
- This score blends four public federal datasets — water-pipe decay, bridge condition, gas-pipeline incident history, and a 90-day disruption estimate — into one area-level measure of infrastructure stress.
- It describes the infrastructure around a home, not the condition of the home itself, and it is a modeled estimate rather than an engineering assessment.
- Aging water mains raise the chance of breaks and service interruptions; a plumber can inspect a home's own supply line and shut-off valve.
Methodology: Water-pipe decay is modeled with an exponential-decay bathtub curve from Census ACS housing age, EPA ECHO compliance records, and EPA infrastructure-needs data. Bridge condition is from the FHWA National Bridge Inventory; gas-pipeline incidents from PHMSA; the 90-day disruption estimate from EPA and FEMA data. The stress score is a weighted composite of these four signals.
All figures are modeled estimates from public federal data. They are not engineering assessments, predictions of failure, or a judgment about any specific structure or utility.
CO & Gas Safety Profile
CO & Gas Safety Tips
- Install CO detectors on every level of your home and near sleeping areas. Replace batteries annually and units every 5-7 years.
- Know gas leak signs: rotten egg smell, hissing sounds near gas lines, dead vegetation near pipelines, bubbling in standing water.
- Annual inspection: have a licensed technician inspect gas appliances (furnace, water heater, stove) every year.
- Emergency: if you smell gas, leave immediately, do not use electrical switches, and call 911 or your gas company from outside.
Protect Your Home from Carbon Monoxide
The CPSC recommends a CO detector on every level. Battery-operated models start at $20. Smart detectors with app alerts start at $35.
Product link may earn a commission — see our disclosure.
Remodeling Permit Requirements in Montana
✓ Limited EnforcementElectrical and plumbing statewide. Structural permits in jurisdictions adopting building codes; many rural areas exempt.
Fines up to $500, stop-work orders where codes adopted
Why This Matters
- Unpermitted work can reduce your home's appraised value by 10–20% and complicate or block a sale entirely.
- Homeowner insurance may deny claims for damage caused by or related to unpermitted renovations.
- Buyers' lenders may require proof of permits before approving a mortgage, especially for kitchens, bathrooms, and structural changes.
- Unpermitted electrical and plumbing work is a leading cause of house fires and water damage — permits exist to ensure safety inspections.
- If you are planning remodeling work in Montana, contact your local building department before starting any project that alters structure, electrical, plumbing, or mechanical systems.
Remodeling Permit Questions for 59108
What remodeling work requires a permit in Montana?
In Montana, permits are generally required for any work that alters the structure, electrical wiring, plumbing, or mechanical systems of a home. This includes kitchen and bathroom renovations involving plumbing or electrical changes, wall removal, room additions, window enlargements, re-roofing, and HVAC replacement. Purely cosmetic work — painting, flooring, cabinet refacing without plumbing changes — typically does not require a permit. Always check with your local building department, as municipal requirements may be stricter than state minimums.
What happens if I remodel without a permit in Montana?
Working without a required permit in Montana can result in Fines up to $500, stop-work orders where codes adopted. Beyond legal penalties, unpermitted work creates problems when selling: buyers' home inspectors and appraisers flag unpermitted additions, lenders may refuse financing, and title companies may require permits to be obtained retroactively — often at 2–3 times the original permit fee. In serious cases, you may be required to open walls for inspection or demolish non-compliant work.
How much does a remodeling permit cost in Montana?
Remodeling permit fees in Montana typically range from $50 to $1200, depending on the scope and value of the project. Most jurisdictions calculate fees as a percentage of the project's estimated construction cost (usually 1–2%) or use a flat fee schedule based on project type. Electrical and plumbing sub-permits may be billed separately. Contact your local building department for an exact fee quote before starting work.
Permit requirements based on Montana building codes and ICC adoption data. Costs reflect typical municipal fee schedules and may vary by jurisdiction, project scope, and valuation. This information is for general guidance only — contact your local building department for requirements specific to your project.
Cost & Community (5) OK
True Cost of Ownership
How this ZIP compares
Where the estimate comes from
5-year equipment outlook
No major equipment is flagged for likely replacement within five years.
What this means
- This is a modeled estimate of how much more — or less — a household here may spend each year on risk-related costs such as insurance, mitigation, testing, and maintenance, compared with a typical US ZIP.
- It is a comparison figure for context, not a bill, a quote, or financial advice.
- The 5-year equipment ranges above are separate one-time replacements, not part of the annual figure.
Methodology: Each of 13 risk verticals is assigned a dollar figure from public federal data; the total is the modeled annual difference from a median-risk US ZIP. The 5-year equipment outlook flags major home equipment whose estimated age is within five years of its typical service life; figures are national-average installed-cost ranges.
Estimates are modeled from public federal data. They are not quotes, prices, or financial or insurance advice.
Tax Burden in Montana
State tax rates affect cost of ownership. Here's how Montana compares to national averages.
No sales tax
Source: Tax Foundation 2024. Income tax = top marginal rate. Sales tax = state + avg local. Property tax = effective rate on home value.
Energy Costs in Montana
Residential electricity rate: 12.86¢/kWh — 24% below the national average (national avg: 17.0¢/kWh · EIA, December 2025)
Montana Energy Mix
Source: EIA Form 923, 2025 data. Renewable = solar + wind + hydro + geothermal.
Electric Utility for 59108
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-861 (2024 data). EIA ID: 12825.
Home Energy Audit for 59108
The Inflation Reduction Act provides up to $8,000 in rebates and $3,200 in annual tax credits for home energy upgrades — but many provisions phase down or expire after 2032. A professional energy audit is the first step to qualifying for these incentives.
What a Home Energy Audit Covers
- Insulation levels in attic, walls, and basement
- Air leaks around windows, doors, and ducts
- Blower door test (measures total air leakage)
- HVAC efficiency and age assessment
- Water heater type and condition
- Lighting and appliance energy use
- Carbon monoxide and combustion safety
- Moisture and ventilation assessment
- Gas leak detection
- Prioritized list of recommended upgrades
- Estimated cost and savings for each upgrade
- Rebate and tax credit eligibility report
- The average home energy audit identifies $200–$400/year in savings (DOE)
- Properly sealed and insulated homes save 15% on heating and cooling costs (DOE)
- Heat pump upgrades can reduce heating costs by 30–50% compared to electric resistance
- ENERGY STAR certified windows save $101–$583/year compared to single-pane windows
- Weatherization assistance programs are available for income-qualifying households
NorthWestern Energy LLC - (MT) (Investor-owned) serves 59108. Your local residential rate is 14.2¢/kWh , which is below the national average — but efficiency upgrades still pay for themselves over time . Many utilities offer additional rebates on top of federal IRA incentives — ask your energy auditor about programs from NorthWestern Energy LLC - (MT).
Under the Inflation Reduction Act. Income limits apply for HEEHRA rebates. Tax credits require tax liability. IRS details →
To claim the $150 federal tax credit, your energy audit must meet DOE standards (10 CFR 440.21) and be performed by a qualified auditor. A DOE-compliant audit includes:
- Blower door test to measure air infiltration
- Infrared thermography to identify insulation gaps
- Combustion safety testing for gas appliances
- Written report with prioritized, cost-effective upgrade recommendations
Energy Audit Questions for 59108
How much does a home energy audit cost?
A professional home energy audit typically costs $150–$400 depending on the size of your home and the depth of testing. The Inflation Reduction Act provides a $150 tax credit for qualifying audits performed by a certified auditor, effectively covering a significant portion of the audit cost. Some utilities also subsidize audits for their customers — check with NorthWestern Energy LLC - (MT) for local programs.
What is the difference between an energy audit and a home inspection?
A home inspection (done during a home sale) evaluates structural and safety conditions. An energy audit specifically measures how your home uses energy and identifies efficiency improvements. Energy audits use specialized tools like blower doors, infrared cameras, and duct blasters that are not part of a standard home inspection. The audit produces a prioritized list of upgrades with estimated costs and savings.
How much can I save after an energy audit?
According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the average audit identifies $200–$400/year in savings. Actual savings depend on your home's age, current insulation, HVAC efficiency, and local energy rates. At current rates in Montana, the average home spends approximately $1,350/year on electricity — a 15–25% reduction through audit-recommended upgrades could save $203–$338 annually.
What rebates and tax credits are available for energy upgrades?
The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) provides two types of incentives: (1) Tax credits up to $3,200/year for heat pumps ($2,000), insulation ($1,600), windows ($600), and the audit itself ($150); and (2) HEEHRA rebates for income-qualifying households — up to $8,000 for heat pumps, $1,600 for insulation, $2,500 for electrical panels, and $840 for heat pump dryers. Solar panels qualify for a separate 30% tax credit through 2032.
Do I need an energy audit before installing solar panels?
An energy audit is not legally required before installing solar, but the DOE strongly recommends it. Reducing your home's energy consumption before adding solar means you need a smaller (cheaper) system to cover your needs. An audit typically identifies 15–30% in energy reductions through insulation, air sealing, and HVAC improvements — which directly reduces the size and cost of a solar installation.
How long does a home energy audit take?
A comprehensive energy audit takes 2–4 hours for a typical single-family home. The auditor will inspect the attic, basement, walls, windows, HVAC system, water heater, and ductwork. Diagnostic tests (blower door, infrared scan) add precision to the findings. You will receive a written report within 1–2 weeks with prioritized recommendations and estimated costs.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-169).
Safety Updates for Billings, Montana
Violations & Enforcement Timeline
View all 10 records
Recent Product Recalls
Recent CPSC recalls for plumbing and HVAC products that may affect homes in your area.
Superbobi 7 3/8 Inch Pool Drain Covers
Shenzhen Jiangtou Technology Co. · 2026-05-14
Electric Kettles (ENFINIGY 1.5 l and ENFINIGY Pro 1.5 l)
ZWILLING J. A. Henckels Aktiengesellschaft · 2026-05-14
Electric Start Pressure Washers
Generac Power Systems Expands · 2026-05-14
1-K Kerosene Heater Fluid Portable Fuel Containers
Alliance Chemical · 2026-04-30
Take Action
Concerned about these findings? Contact your local elected officials to ask what is being done about water quality in your area.
Email Your RepresentativeDon't know who to contact? Find your local representative at usa.gov/elected-officials
Frequently Asked Questions
Is the tap water in 59108 safe to drink?
Based on EPA SDWIS data, Billings's primary water system (City of Billings) has 34 recorded violations in the past 5 years, including 5 health-based. Check the full report above for details.
Where does 59108's water come from?
The primary water source for ZIP code 59108 is Surface water. City of Billings serves approximately 114,000 people.
How can I get my water tested in Billings?
Contact your local water utility (City of Billings) for a free Consumer Confidence Report, or hire a certified lab for independent home water testing. The EPA recommends annual testing if you use a private well.
Is lead a concern in 59108 tap water?
The most recent lead sampling for 59108 recorded 0.005 mg/L. The EPA action level is 0.015 mg/L. This result is below the EPA action level.
What is the radon risk for 59108?
59108 falls in EPA Radon Zone 2 (Moderate risk), located in Yellowstone County. Zone 1 indicates the highest radon potential. Testing your home is recommended regardless of zone.
Nearby ZIP Code Reports
Water quality comparison for ZIP codes near 59108
| ZIP Code | City, State | Distance | Grade | Violations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 59103 | Billings, MT | <1 mi | B | 34 |
| 59104 | Billings, MT | <1 mi | B | 34 |
| 59111 | Billings, MT | <1 mi | B | 34 |
| 59112 | Billings, MT | <1 mi | B | 34 |
| 59114 | Billings, MT | <1 mi | B | 34 |
| 59115 | Billings, MT | <1 mi | B | 34 |
| 59116 | Billings, MT | <1 mi | B | 34 |
| 59117 | Billings, MT | <1 mi | B | 34 |
| 59101 | Billings, MT | <1 mi | C | 34 |
| 59102 | Billings, MT | 3.5 mi | B | 34 |
Nearby ZIP Code Reports
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Overall safety breakdown
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