Water Quality Report
C 66

Barhamsville, VA (23011) Water Safety: 66/100 (2026)

EPA data for Rockahock Campgrounds, Inc.

No Violations

Although compliance records vary by area, 23011 in Barhamsville, VA shows zero EPA violations on file in the federal compliance record.

Data source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SDWIS Last verified: March 22, 2026

Based on EPA Drinking Water FEMA Flood Data U.S. Census CDC Energy Information Admin. USGS Water Data & 9 more federal sources
Today's Safety: Good
Violations: None Alerts: 0
2026-06-03
Your water right now: No active violations
AQI: NaN (Unhealthy)
Updated: 2026-06-03
Safety Score
C 66/100
Water Quality Clean
Lead Risk N/A
Flood Risk N/A
Data confidence: High (direct measurement) Medium (sampled / sub-geography) Low (modeled / inferred) Methodology →

At a Glance

  • Water No EPA violations on record for the past 5 years.
  • Radon EPA Zone 3 — low predicted indoor radon (below 2 pCi/L).

Composite Home Safety Score has been stable over the tracking period.

Data updated: Mar 2026 All data sources current

What’s Happening in Barhamsville, Virginia

No significant water quality or safety concerns have been reported for this area. The safety score is stable.

C
Home Safety Score: 66 / 100
1
Water System
375
People Served
0
Health Violations (5yr)
Groundwater
Water Source
Zone 3
Radon Risk · Low
$368K
Median Home Value44% above state median ($256K)

Recommended Buyer Guides for This ZIP

Independent guides — grounded in EPA, NSF, FEMA, and CDC standards. Matched to risks detected in your area.

This Summer — what to check

Season-specific maintenance for home safety. Universal tasks — apply everywhere unless noted.

  • Water Heater

    Flush sediment (1–2×/year). Cuts energy use and prevents bacterial growth in low-use hot-water pockets.

    Source: DOE
  • Wildfire & Smoke

    Clear leaves and debris from gutters and the 30-ft home-ignition zone. Replace HVAC filters with MERV 13+.

    Source: Firewise
  • HVAC Filter

    Peak AC run. Replace filters monthly during high pollen / wildfire-smoke days; standard interval otherwise.

    Source: EPA IAQ

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How Barhamsville Compares

Safety Score vs. New Kent County and Virginia averages

Safety Score
Barhamsville
66
New Kent County
80
Virginia avg
66
Lowest-scoring ZIP in New Kent County 100% fewer violations than county average
Metric Barhamsville New Kent County Virginia
Safety Score 66 80 66
EPA Violations (total) 0 1.5 1.3

County and state averages computed from 41,344 ZIP codes. Data: EPA SDWIS.

🔍Key Insights for Barhamsville 23011

Derived from EPA, Census, FEMA, and EIA data — exclusive to ZipCheckup

Water System Reliability
68 /100 Fair
Reliability score based on violation trends, system size, CCR compliance, and enforcement history. The national median is 10/100.
Infrastructure Investment Gap
$1,500
Estimated per-household infrastructure deficit based on housing age, pipe materials, lead risk, and water system violations. That's 150.0x the national median of $10.
Seasonal Risk
Low Seasonal
Year-round contamination risk from seasonal factors: radon peaks in winter, flooding in spring, air quality in summer. Key factors: Some aging infrastructure.
Environmental Justice Index
20 /100 Low
Communities with high violations, low income, and environmental hazards face disproportionate risk. Higher score = greater environmental justice concern. The national median is 10/100.
Home Purchase Risk
17 /100 Very Low Risk
Composite "should I buy here?" score for homebuyers. Weighs water quality (25%), flood risk (20%), lead (15%), energy costs (15%), housing age (10%), radon (10%), and air quality (5%). The national median is 10/100.
Methodology: Lead exposure combines EPA LCR testing, Census housing age (ACS B25034), and LCRI service line estimates. Maintenance debt uses Census median build year and NAHB equipment lifespan data. Compliance risk weights health violations, unresolved issues, and EPA enforcement actions. Energy burden uses EIA state rates and Census B19013 median income. Flood cost uses FEMA NFIP claims data (1978–2024) divided by housing units. Water system reliability cross-references violation trends, system size, CCR compliance, and enforcement history. Infrastructure gap estimates deferred costs from housing vintage, pipe materials, and lead detection. Seasonal risk combines radon zones, flood zones, housing age, and air quality data. Environmental justice index weights violations, income disparity, Superfund proximity, and enforcement actions. Home purchase risk is a weighted composite of all environmental and infrastructure factors. Full methodology →
📊 ZipCheckup Cross-Reference Engine · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Score Breakdown

How your Home Safety Score of 88 is calculated.

Water
33/33
Lead
22/33
Radon
33/33
88 = Water 33/33 + Lead 22/33 + Radon 33/33

Score has been stable — no change in the last 90 days.

Safety & Health (7) HIGH

Compliance Alerts for 23011

3 issues flagged based on EPA data, state regulations, and housing age estimates.

Lead Pipes
Monitor
Moderate lead pipe risk. Annual water testing recommended.
Electrical Panels
Monitor
FPE/Zinsco panel risk — 35
HVAC Refrigerant
Monitor
Your HVAC system likely uses R-410A, which is being phased out. Plan for a system replacement within the next few years.

Estimates based on EPA data, U.S. Census ACS housing vintage, and state regulations. Individual homes may vary.

📊 EPA + Census ACS + State Regs · Updated March 2026

Compliance Risk Forecast

Probability of future drinking water violations based on historical patterns, enforcement trends, and system size.

High Risk ▼ Declining trend

95% probability of new violation within 2 years

1-Year 86%
2-Year 95%
3-Year 95%

Based on 1.94 events/year rate. Model uses Poisson distribution with trend and system-size adjustments.

Service Disruption Risk

Moderate
15%

15% estimated probability of a boil water advisory or service interruption in the next 90 days.

Based on infrastructure age, EPA violation history, flood exposure, and seasonal patterns.

Contributing Factors
Seasonal Baseline
+10%
Infrastructure Age
+5%

Estimates based on EPA enforcement data, U.S. Census ACS housing vintage, and FEMA flood claims. Not a guarantee of disruption.

📊 EPA + Census ACS + FEMA · Updated March 2026

Your Water System

ZIP code 23011 in Barhamsville, Virginia is served by Rockahock Campgrounds, Inc. (EPA ID: VA4127075). This system provides water to approximately 375 people from groundwater sources.

Home Safety Score: C (66/100)

Based on water quality violations, lead levels, and radon risk in your area. This score is better than 44% of ZIP codes nationally and 52% in Virginia.

Factor Status Details
Water Quality good 0 violations, 0 health-based
Lead in Water unknown No sampling data available
Radon Risk Low Zone 3
Gas Safety low 1 incidents, score 2/100
Wildfire Smoke very low score 5/100, 0 county fires (5yr)
Earthquake Risk Very Low score 0.6/50
Superfund NPL Moderate nearest 17.3 mi (Naval Weapons Station Yorktown - Cheatham Annex), 0 sites within 10 km

Lead & Copper in Your Water

No Lead & Copper Rule sampling data available for systems serving this ZIP code.

Radon Risk

Radon Zone 3 — Low potential (New Kent County)

Lower radon potential for this area, but testing is still recommended for individual homes. Zone 3 indicates a predicted average indoor radon screening level below 2 pCi/L. Actual levels can vary based on home construction and geology.

CO & Gas Safety

Gas Distribution Risk: Low (score: 2/100)

1 gas distribution incident recorded in this county since 2004. Most recent: 2019.

The CPSC recommends CO detectors on every level of your home. Have gas appliances inspected annually by a licensed technician.

Wildfire & Smoke Risk

Smoke Risk: Very Low (score: 5/100)

No wildfires recorded in this county over the past 5 years. Nearest recent wildfire: 119 km (74 miles).

Monitor air quality at AirNow.gov during fire season (June–November). A HEPA air purifier can reduce indoor PM2.5 by up to 80% during smoke events.

Earthquake & Seismic Risk

Risk Rating: Very Low (score: 0.6/50)

Metric Value
Risk Score 0.6
Risk Rating Very Low
Annual Frequency < 0.001 damaging events/yr
Expected Annual Loss $24K (Very Low)

Monitor seismic activity at the USGS Earthquake Map. Secure heavy furniture, maintain an emergency kit, and know your gas shutoff location.

Superfund Site Proximity

Proximity Risk: Moderate (score: 28/100)

Nearest NPL site: Naval Weapons Station Yorktown - Cheatham Annex at 17.3 miles (27.9 km).

Radius NPL Sites
Within 5 km (3.1 mi) 0
Within 10 km (6.2 mi) 0
Within 25 km (15.5 mi) 0

Nearest NPL Sites

  • Naval Weapons Station Yorktown - Cheatham Annex — 17.3 mi (Active Cleanup), listed 12/01/2000
  • Naval Weapons Station - Yorktown — 20 mi (Active Cleanup), listed 10/14/1992
  • Chisman Creek — 28.3 mi (Construction Complete), listed 09/08/1983
  • Fort Eustis (US Army) — 28.6 mi (Active Cleanup), listed 12/16/1994

Search nearby sites at the EPA Superfund Site Search. If you garden or use well water near an NPL site, consider soil and water testing.

Violation Summary

No violations recorded — This water system has no recorded EPA violations in the past 5 years. This is a positive indicator of water quality management.

Energy Costs in VA

Residential electricity rate: 15.87¢/kWh — 7% below the national average (17.0¢/kWh).

Lower electricity rates in Virginia make electric appliances and heat pumps a cost-effective choice compared to other states.

Energy Sources

Virginia generates 9.8% of its electricity from renewable sources — 17% below the national average of 26.9%. Including nuclear, 36.4% of the state's power is carbon-free (EIA 2025).

Source Share
Natural gas 57.3%
Nuclear 26.6%
Solar 8.6%
Coal 3.4%
Hydroelectric 1.2%
Petroleum 0.5%

Need help with your water quality?

Typical cost: Water test: typically $20–$50 (DIY kit) · Professional inspection: $150–$400

Find the Right Water Filter

Free tip: Let cold water run for 2 minutes before drinking — this helps flush lead from your pipes.

What You Can Do

  1. Review your annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) — Your utility publishes this each July
  2. Test your home's water — Especially if you have older plumbing (pre-1986) that may contain lead
  3. Stay informed — Bookmark this page to check for updates on your water quality

Need help with water testing or filtration?

Typical cost: Water test: typically $20–$50 (DIY kit) · Professional inspection: $150–$400

Find the Right Water Filter

Free tip: Let cold water run for 2 minutes before drinking — this helps flush lead from your pipes.

Other Water Quality Reports in Virginia

Nearby Water Quality Reports

Data Sources

This report uses public data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS). View the full compliance record for Rockahock Campgrounds, Inc. (VA4127075) on EPA.gov.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the tap water in 23011 safe to drink?

Based on EPA records, the water system serving ZIP code 23011 has no recorded violations in the past 5 years. However, individual home conditions (old pipes, well water) can affect quality.

Where does 23011's water come from?

The primary water source for this area is groundwater. Rockahock Campgrounds, Inc. serves approximately 375 people.

How can I get my water tested?

Contact your local water utility for a free water quality report, or hire a certified lab for independent home water testing. The EPA recommends testing annually if you use a private well.

Does 23011 have lead in the water?

No Lead and Copper Rule sampling data is currently available in EPA records for water systems serving ZIP code 23011. If you are concerned about lead, contact your water utility or have your tap water independently tested.

What is the radon risk in 23011?

ZIP code 23011 (New Kent County) falls in EPA Radon Zone 3, indicating low radon potential. Zone 3 areas have lower radon potential, though individual homes can still have elevated radon levels depending on construction and local geology. Testing is still recommended.

USGS reports that 3 of the top compounds applied across the surrounding county are flagged by the EPA for drinking-water monitoring — see the agricultural pesticide-use section

📊 EPA Safe Drinking Water · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Your Water Source: Rockahock Campgrounds, Inc

2 ZIP codes share this system
Source: Groundwater
Serving 375 people
Avg. score: 75/100

⚠ 1 of 2 communities on this water system have reported EPA violations.

This system draws from groundwater (wells or aquifers). Groundwater systems can be affected by naturally occurring contaminants like arsenic and radon, as well as industrial or agricultural contamination that seeps into aquifers over time.

Other ZIP codes on this system

System ID: VA4127075 · Source: EPA SDWIS

Score History

Stable Score changed from 66 to 66 over 72 days
30-day change: 0

Tracking since 2026-03-23 · 50 data points

Safety Score Timeline

85+ 70–84 55–69 <55 Oldest → Newest · 24 data points

Environmental Incidents

7
Active Issues
EPA enforcement actions & health violations in 23011 (last 5 years)
Enforcement Actions
7
2 formal
Health Violations
0
0 unresolved
Last Enforcement
2023-08-31

Enforcement Actions

State Informal Action
2023-08-31
State Informal Action
2023-08-28
State Order Extension
2023-06-29
State Order Extension
2023-03-29
State Filed Judgment
2023-02-16
State Informal Enforcement
2023-02-16
State Filed Judgment
2022-08-01

Understanding EPA Enforcement

  • MCL Violation — Contaminant exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Level set by EPA
  • Treatment Technique (TT) — Water system failed to follow required treatment methods
  • Formal Enforcement — EPA or state issued a legal order (administrative order, court action, or compliance order)
  • Resolved — The water system returned to compliance
This ZIP code has 2 formal enforcement actions. Consider testing your water independently or using a water filter rated for the specific contaminants found.

Source: EPA Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO). Data from the Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS). Updated quarterly.

Childhood Environmental Risk Score — 23011

Moderate Risk
34/100
Childhood Environmental Risk Score
Combining water lead, air toxics, housing age & EPA violations

This ZIP's score is higher than 27% of U.S. ZIP codes and 38% of those in Virginia — a relative ranking, not a verdict on any home.

Risk Factor Breakdown

Housing Lead Paint Probability 24/100
24% of homes built before 1970, when lead paint was widely used.
Water System Violations 47/100
EPA water system violation history for this area.
What weighs most here

Water system violation history is the largest contributor to this ZIP's score. A pattern of violations can signal recurring quality issues worth monitoring, and reviewing a system's recent record helps families know what to ask about.

Pre-1970 Housing
24%
homes likely containing lead paint
EPA Radon Zone Zone 3
Zone 3 indicates lower radon potential, though individual homes can still test high depending on construction and local geology.
Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas. Children spend more time at home than adults, and a radon test kit is inexpensive.
Important Health Information
  • Children under 6 are most vulnerable to lead exposure — there is no safe level of lead in blood
  • Test your home's drinking water, especially if your home was built before 1986

What families can do

Here are calm, practical steps families in this ZIP can consider — informational guidance, not cause for alarm.

No specific actions are flagged for this ZIP. The general guidance above still applies to every family.

Share with other parents

Know a family in 23011? A free 30-second ZIP check shows them the same lead, water, and housing data.

Disclaimer: This environmental health risk assessment uses publicly available data from the EPA, Census Bureau, and CDC to estimate relative risk levels. It is not a medical diagnosis or substitute for professional health advice. Individual exposure depends on many factors not captured in this analysis. Consult your pediatrician or local health department for specific guidance. Data sources: EPA AirToxScreen, EPA SDWIS, U.S. Census Bureau, CDC Childhood Blood Lead Surveillance.
📊 EPA AirToxScreen, SDWIS, Census, CDC · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Lead Pipe Replacement Funding for Virginia

$28.6M
allocated in fiscal year 2025 for lead service line replacement
Up to $14.0M available as grants for disadvantaged communities (49% of allocation)

Key LCRI Deadlines

Now
Your water system must notify you if you have a lead service line
1
Oct 2027
Water systems must complete service line inventories
2
Oct 2034
All lead service lines must be replaced

What This Means for You

  • If your home was built before 1986, it may have lead service lines
  • Your water utility is required to inventory and replace lead lines at no cost to you
  • Contact your water utility to check if your address is in their inventory

Source: EPA DWSRF Lead Service Line Replacement Program, FY2025 Allotment Memorandum.

Active Alerts in Virginia

0 active weather alerts in Virginia. Severe weather can affect your water quality and home safety.

View alerts for Virginia →

📊 NWS · Updated March 2026 · View source →
Environmental Hazards (9) MODERATE

Termite Risk for 23011

Heavy Termite Zone
WDI Inspection Requirement

Required for VA/FHA loans statewide; very common in conventional transactions

Typical Inspection Cost
$75 – $150
Based on Virginia market rates
Consequence

VA/FHA loan will not close without clear NPMA-33 form

Termite Damage in the U.S.

  • Termites cause an estimated $5 billion in property damage annually in the United States, according to the USDA.
  • Standard termite treatment costs $225–$2,500; fumigation for severe infestations: $2,000–$8,000.
  • Homeowner insurance typically does not cover termite damage, as it is considered preventable.

What Homeowners Should Know

  • Annual termite inspections are recommended in moderate-to-heavy risk zones. Early detection can prevent thousands in repair costs.
  • VA and FHA loans require a clear NPMA-33 (Wood Destroying Insect Inspection Report) for closing in most states.
  • Warning signs: mud tubes on foundation walls, hollow-sounding wood, discarded wings near windows, and frass (droppings) near baseboards.
  • Preventive treatment ($200–$900 per year) is far less expensive than structural damage repair, which averages $3,000 and can exceed $50,000.
  • Virginia falls in a heavy termite infestation probability (TIP) zone. Subterranean termites are the primary concern.
Reference: VA lender requirements; NPMA-33 form; Virginia Pesticide Control Act (3.2-3900 Code of VA)

Source: USDA Forest Service Termite Infestation Probability (TIP) zones, VA/FHA lender requirements, Virginia pest control regulations. Inspection cost estimates reflect typical market rates and may vary by provider, property size, and location. This information is for general guidance only.

Pest Risk for 23011

High Pest Pressure
Top Pest Threats in Virginia

termites, ticks, mosquitoes, stink bugs and cockroaches

Typical Pest Inspection Cost
$75 – $175
Based on Virginia market rates
Licensed Applicator Required
Yes
Virginia pesticide regulations
⚠ CDC / EPA Disease Zone Alerts
  • Lyme disease endemic area
  • West Nile activity zone
Real Estate Transaction Requirement

Required for VA loans in all states; state-mandated WDI report required for most residential property transfers

Penalty for Unlicensed Application

Up to $10,000 per violation; license suspension

Why This Matters

  • Health risks: Mosquitoes transmit West Nile virus (1,000+ U.S. cases annually). Ticks spread Lyme disease (estimated 476,000 cases/year per CDC). Rodent droppings can carry hantavirus.
  • Property damage: Carpenter ants and termites cause billions in structural damage annually. Rodents gnaw wiring, creating fire hazards.
  • Food safety: Cockroaches and rodents contaminate food preparation areas and can trigger allergies and asthma, especially in children.
  • Virginia's climate creates year-round pest pressure. Regular professional inspections and preventive treatment are strongly recommended.

Common Questions

Do I need a pest inspection before buying a home in Virginia?
VA and FHA loans require a Wood Destroying Insect (WDI) inspection in all states. Required for VA loans in all states; state-mandated WDI report required for most residential property transfers Even when not legally required, a professional pest inspection ($75–$175) can reveal hidden infestations that cost thousands to remediate.
Can I apply pesticides myself in Virginia?
Homeowners can generally use over-the-counter pesticide products on their own property. However, restricted-use pesticides require a licensed applicator in Virginia. Commercial pest control services must be licensed. Up to $10,000 per violation; license suspension.
What are the most common pests in Virginia?
The top pest threats in Virginia include termites, ticks, mosquitoes, stink bugs and cockroaches. Pest activity varies by season and local conditions. As a high pest pressure state, year-round preventive treatment is recommended.
Legal Reference: Virginia Pest Control Act (Code of VA §3.2-3900)

Source: CDC vector-borne disease surveillance, EPA pesticide regulation data, Virginia pest control board, NPMA pest prevalence maps. Inspection cost estimates reflect typical market rates and may vary by provider, property size, and location. This information is for general guidance only.

Wildfire & Smoke Risk Profile

5
Very Low Smoke Risk
Wildfire smoke exposure risk score for 23011
Nearest Fire
74 mi
119 km to nearest recent wildfire
County Fires (5yr)
0
wildfires in county since 2021
Risk Level
Very Low
based on fire proximity & history
Air Quality
Generally Good
during fire season (Jun–Nov)
SMOKE RISK SCORE 5/100
0 — Minimal 100 — Highest Risk

Wildfire Smoke Safety Tips

  • Air purifier with HEPA filter: run in the room where you spend the most time. Close windows and doors during smoke events.
  • N95 or KN95 masks: standard cloth and surgical masks do not filter fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfire smoke.
  • Seal gaps: use wet towels or tape around doors and windows to reduce smoke infiltration during poor air quality days.
  • Monitor AQI: check AirNow.gov daily during fire season. AQI above 100 = unhealthy for sensitive groups; above 150 = unhealthy for everyone.
  • Create a clean room: designate one room with the air purifier running, keep it sealed, and limit time outdoors when AQI is elevated.

Protect Your Indoor Air from Wildfire Smoke

A HEPA air purifier can reduce indoor PM2.5 by up to 80% during smoke events. Portable units for a single room start at $80. Whole-home solutions start at $300.

Product links may earn a commission — see our disclosure.

📊 NIFC Wildfire Data & EPA AirNow · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Earthquake & Seismic Risk Profile

0.6
VERY LOW RISK
FEMA National Risk Index earthquake score for 23011
Risk Rating
Very Low
FEMA earthquake hazard classification
Expected Annual Loss
$24K
estimated county-level annual loss (Very Low)
Annual Frequency
< 0.001
expected damaging earthquakes per year
Structural Vulnerability
Low
based on housing age (31 yr median) + seismic zone
EARTHQUAKE RISK SCORE 0.6/50
0 — Minimal 50 — Highest Risk

Earthquake Preparedness Tips

  • Secure heavy furniture: anchor bookshelves, water heaters, and large appliances to wall studs. Unsecured items cause most earthquake injuries.
  • Emergency kit: water (1 gallon per person per day for 3 days), non-perishable food, flashlight, batteries, first aid kit, wrench to turn off gas. Keep kits at home and in your car.
  • Know how to shut off gas: locate the gas meter shutoff valve and keep a wrench nearby. Gas leaks are a leading cause of post-earthquake fires.
  • Drop, Cover, Hold On: during shaking, drop to hands and knees, take cover under a sturdy table, and hold on. Do not stand in doorways or run outside.
  • Structural retrofit: homes built before 1980 may need foundation bolting or cripple wall bracing. FEMA's earthquake resources offer guidance on retrofitting.
  • USGS ShakeMap: monitor real-time and recent seismic activity at earthquake.usgs.gov.

Build Your Earthquake Preparedness Kit

FEMA recommends every household in a seismic zone maintain a 72-hour emergency kit. Pre-assembled kits start at $40 and include water, food, first aid, and tools.

Product links may earn a commission — see our disclosure.

📊 FEMA National Risk Index & USGS · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Mold Risk Assessment for 23011

Low Risk
32/100
Mold Probability Score
Based on humidity, housing age, flood history & water infrastructure
Avg. Humidity
69%
annual relative humidity
Summer Humidity
71%
Jun–Aug average
Median Home Age
1995
median year built
Flood Claims
0
FEMA insurance claims
Seasonal Risk

Summer months (June–August) present the highest mold risk in 23011, with average humidity reaching 71%. Indoor humidity can be 10–15% higher in poorly ventilated spaces. Winter humidity drops to 67%, reducing but not eliminating risk.

Why Mold Matters

  • The CDC and EPA identify mold as a significant indoor health hazard. Common symptoms include respiratory irritation, allergic reactions, and asthma exacerbation.
  • Mold begins growing within 24–48 hours on damp surfaces when relative humidity exceeds 60%. Bathrooms, basements, and crawl spaces are most vulnerable.
  • Professional mold remediation costs $1,500–$9,000 on average. Homeowner insurance often excludes mold coverage unless caused by a "covered peril."
  • Homes built before 1980 typically lack modern vapor barriers and ventilation systems, increasing moisture infiltration risk.

Prevention Recommendations

  • Use a dehumidifier to keep indoor humidity below 50%. This is especially important in basements, crawl spaces, and bathrooms in high-humidity areas like 23011.
  • Ensure proper ventilation: use exhaust fans in bathrooms and kitchens, and keep attic and crawl space vents unblocked.
  • Fix leaks immediately. Even small plumbing leaks can create mold-favorable conditions within 48 hours.
  • Monitor indoor humidity with a hygrometer ($10–$20). Target 30–50% year-round.
Recommended: Whole-Home Dehumidifier

With 69% average humidity, a dehumidifier is the most effective way to reduce mold risk in 23011. Energy Star-rated units cost $200–$400 and can reduce humidity by 20–30%.

Compare Dehumidifiers
As an Amazon Associate, ZipCheckup earns from qualifying purchases.
Sources: NOAA Climate Normals 1991–2020 (humidity), U.S. Census ACS (housing age), FEMA NFIP (flood claims), EPA SDWIS (water violations). Score methodology: humidity 40%, housing age 30%, flood history 20%, water infrastructure 10%.

Respiratory Risk Today

High Risk
43
Respiratory Risk Score
Combined air quality, humidity & mold risk for 23011
Air Quality
N/A
EPA AQI index
Humidity
16/30
seasonal impact
Mold
10/30
housing + humidity
RISK SCORE 43/100
Low Moderate Severe
High humidity is the top respiratory concern
A whole-home dehumidifier can reduce indoor humidity to the 30–50% comfort zone, reducing mold growth and dust mite populations.
Sources: EPA AirNow (daily AQI), NOAA humidity normals, mold risk model (housing age + humidity + flood history). Updated daily. Score combines air quality (40%), humidity stress (30%), and mold risk (30%).

Superfund Sites & Soil Contamination Risk

28
Moderate Proximity Risk
EPA Superfund NPL site proximity score for 23011
Nearest NPL Site
17.3 mi
27.9 km — Naval Weapons Station Yorktown - Cheatham Annex
Sites Within 10 km
0
NPL sites within ~6.2 miles
Risk Level
Moderate
based on proximity & site status
Sites Within 25 km
0
NPL sites within ~15.5 miles
SUPERFUND PROXIMITY SCORE 28/100
0 — No nearby sites 100 — Highest Risk

Nearest Superfund (NPL) Sites

Site Name Distance Status Listed
Naval Weapons Station Yorktown - Cheatham Annex
Williamsburg, Virginia
17.3 mi Active Cleanup 12/01/2000
Naval Weapons Station - Yorktown
Yorktown, Virginia
20 mi Active Cleanup 10/14/1992
Chisman Creek
York County, Virginia
28.3 mi Construction Complete 09/08/1983
Fort Eustis (US Army)
Newport News, Virginia
28.6 mi Active Cleanup 12/16/1994

What Are Superfund NPL Sites?

The National Priorities List (NPL) is the EPA's list of the most contaminated sites in the United States. These sites are eligible for federal cleanup funding under CERCLA (the "Superfund" law). Common contaminants include heavy metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and industrial solvents that can leach into soil, groundwater, and air.

  • Active Cleanup: EPA is investigating or remediating the site — contamination may still be present.
  • Construction Complete: Physical cleanup is done, but long-term monitoring continues.
  • Deleted: Site meets EPA cleanup standards and has been removed from the NPL.

Know What's in Your Soil

If you live near a Superfund site, a home soil test kit can detect heavy metals, lead, and other contaminants — especially important if you garden, have children, or use well water.

Product links may earn a commission — see our disclosure.

📊 EPA Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Pollution and Population Health

This section places two independent federal datasets side by side: environmental measurements from the EPA and population-health estimates from the CDC. They describe the same ZIP code but are collected separately, and each one is read on its own terms.

Environmental data — EPA

Local pollution measurements

Air, traffic and contaminated-site indicators for this ZIP code, from EPA programs.

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) Nat. percentile: 20
Diesel exhaust Nat. percentile: 30
Traffic proximity Nat. percentile: 20

Each bar is this ZIP code’s EJScreen national percentile; a higher value means more exposure compared with other U.S. areas.

Air quality (NEI)
An EPA air-quality grade is not available for this ZIP code.
Toxic-release facilities (TRI)
No facilities in this ZIP code report to the EPA Toxics Release Inventory.
Superfund site proximity
Superfund (NPL) sites within 10 km: 0 · nearest about 17.3 mi away
📊 EPA — National Emissions Inventory, EJScreen, Toxics Release Inventory & Superfund (NPL) · Updated 2026 · View source →
AIR EMISSIONS TREND (5-YEAR, EPA AIRDATA)

EPA AirData has insufficient reporting cycles or facilities for New Kent County, VA — trend display held.

EPA AirData methodology

Two independent datasets. Air and soil pollution data (EPA) and health-prevalence data (CDC) are independent datasets shown side by side for context only. ZipCheckup does not establish a causal link between local pollution and any health condition, and these figures do not demonstrate one.

Health data — CDC

Population-health estimates

CDC PLACES modeled prevalence among adults in this ZIP code, each shown with its 95% confidence interval. The prior-release figure is shown alongside as a reference point only; CDC explicitly cautions that small-area year-to-year differences may reflect model recalibration rather than real change.

Adult asthma
Current (2025 release)
10.3%
95% CI 9–11.6
Prior (2024 release)
9.4% (95% CI 8.3–10.7)
Within model uncertainty
COPD
Current (2025 release)
5.5%
95% CI 4.6–6.4
Prior (2024 release)
6.3% (95% CI 5.7–7)
Within model uncertainty
Cancer
Current (2025 release)
7.1%
95% CI 6.4–7.9
Prior (2024 release)
7.5% (95% CI 6.8–8.3)
Within model uncertainty

Modeled small-area estimates produced from the BRFSS national survey and census demographics (Zhang et al. 2014). Not direct measurements; not for diagnostic or screening use.

Only CDC PLACES measures present in every release since 2020 appear with a prior-release reference; newer measures (added in 2023 and later) are presented without a prior figure.

CDC PLACES estimates are modeled from the BRFSS national survey and ACS demographics — not direct counts. Year-to-year differences between releases may reflect model recalibration, BRFSS sample-frame changes or census-tract-to-ZIP crosswalk adjustments rather than actual change. Margins of error often exceed annual differences at this geography. Not for diagnostic or screening use.
📊 CDC PLACES — modeled small-area health estimates (current 2025 release, with 2024 prior release shown for reference) · Updated PLACES 2025 · View source →
Food access — USDA

Food access for this area

How the USDA classifies access to grocery stores and fresh food across the surrounding census tract.

USDA access category
Moderate access concern
Food environment index
7.9 of 10 — higher means better access to healthy food
SNAP participation
8.2% of households (USDA estimate)

USDA Food Access Research Atlas tract estimates, mapped from census tract to ZIP code. These are modeled population-level figures, not findings about any individual or any specific address.

📊 USDA — Food Access Research Atlas · Updated FARA 2019 · View source →

Pollution–Health Comparison Index

Limited air-quality data

In 23011, the CDC models adult-asthma prevalence at 10.3%, while a statistical model of local pollution and poverty predicts about 10.6% — close to the model’s prediction.

Below predicted Above predicted

Among U.S. ZIP codes, this one sits at percentile 47 for how far observed asthma is above or below the model’s prediction.

Model fit (R²): 0.1601  how much of the variation in asthma the model accounts for; a lower value means a weaker fit and a less reliable comparison.

The Pollution–Health Comparison Index is a percentile rank showing how this ZIP code’s observed asthma prevalence compares with what a statistical model would predict from local pollution and poverty alone. It describes a statistical association, not a cause-and-effect relationship.

The environmental data (EPA) and health-prevalence data (CDC) in this section are independent datasets presented side by side for general informational purposes. Health figures are CDC PLACES modeled estimates with 95% confidence intervals — statistical models, not diagnoses, and they do not describe any individual. ZipCheckup does not establish a causal link between environmental conditions and health outcomes, and nothing in this section is medical advice. For questions about personal health or local environmental conditions, a licensed clinician or a state or local public-health authority is the right source.

Agricultural pesticide use in the surrounding county

USGS estimates how many kilograms of agricultural pesticides are applied each year in this ZIP code’s surrounding county, plus the five most-applied compounds. These are county-level use estimates, not a measurement of any pesticide in the tap water served to this ZIP code.

USGS county-level estimate
10.1k kg
estimated kilograms of pesticides applied each year across the surrounding county.

Top compounds by volume

The five compounds applied in the largest amounts across this county. Where the EPA sets a drinking-water reference limit (MCL) for a compound, that limit is shown for context — it is a regulatory reference, not a finding of any concentration in this ZIP code’s water.

  • GLYPHOSATE
    Herbicide · 3.6k kg/yr · EPA drinking-water reference limit: 700 ppb
    Moderate water concern
  • ATRAZINE
    Herbicide · 1.7k kg/yr · EPA drinking-water reference limit: 3 ppb
    High water concern
  • SIMAZINE
    Herbicide · 1.3k kg/yr · EPA drinking-water reference limit: 4 ppb
    High water concern
  • PENDIMETHALIN
    Herbicide · 793 kg/yr
    Low water concern
  • PARAQUAT
    Herbicide · 738 kg/yr
    Low water concern

3 of the top compounds are ones the EPA flags for drinking-water monitoring — see the drinking-water section above

What this means

  • These figures describe pesticide application across the surrounding county, not the drinking water at this address.
  • An EPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is a regulatory reference for how much of a compound is allowed in finished tap water — it is not a finding of contamination at this ZIP code.
  • Tested drinking-water results from the local water system — when reported — appear in the drinking-water section of this report.

Methodology: Annual county pesticide-use estimates are from the USGS Pesticide National Synthesis Project, mapped from county FIPS to ZIP code. EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels are reproduced from federal drinking-water regulations and are reference points only.

Informational only. County-level agricultural pesticide-use estimates are not a measurement of any pesticide in the drinking water served by this ZIP code, nor an assessment of health risk. Tested drinking-water results, when reported by the local water system, appear in the drinking-water section above.

📊 USGS Pesticide National Synthesis Project · Updated May 2026
Home & Infrastructure (8) OK

Home Buyer Risk Report

An inspection-grade snapshot of public-data risk factors for this ZIP, built to help a buyer decide what to verify before closing.

17/100
Home Purchase Risk Score
Very Low Risk

Public federal data shows few elevated risk factors for this ZIP. A standard home inspection before closing is still an important step.

Seven-factor inspection checklist

Each factor below is scored 0–100 from public federal data. A higher score means the factor is more worth verifying before you buy.

Water quality · 25% of score

The local water system's recent EPA violation and contaminant history, along with an independent tap-water test, gives more context.

No flag
Flood · 20% of score

The FEMA flood zone, whether the property has flooded before, and flood-insurance requirements are key points to review.

No flag
Lead · 15% of score

Homes built before 1986 may have lead pipes or solder, and pre-1978 homes may have lead paint — a lead inspection adds clarity.

No flag
Energy · 15% of score

Heating and cooling costs and the age of the HVAC system, along with recent utility bills, give a fuller picture.

No flag
Housing age · 10% of score

Older homes more often have aging plumbing, wiring, and a water heater near end of life — a full inspection adds detail.

No flag
Radon · 10% of score

The EPA recommends testing every home for radon; homes in EPA Radon Zone 1 have the highest potential.

No flag

Nearby hazards

Superfund proximity

No EPA Superfund (National Priorities List) sites recorded within 10 km.

ATSDR public-health assessment for nearby sites: No Apparent Public Health Hazard.

15%

Modeled probability of a local water-service disruption in the next 90 days.

See the 90-day disruption outlook
Nuclear plant proximity

Nearest nuclear plant: Surry, about 22 miles away.

Healthcare access

Hospitals reported by CMS Hospital Compare near this ZIP code, with overall federal quality star ratings where CMS publishes one.

4
hospitals within 15 miles
2
with emergency departments
Nearest CMS-rated hospital
Sentara Williamsburg Regional Medical Center
CMS 5-star rating · 14.1 mi away

Closest hospitals

  • The Pavilion AT Williamsburg Place
    Psychiatric · 10.6 mi away
    Not rated by CMS
  • Sentara Williamsburg Regional Medical Center
    Acute care · 14.1 mi away · ER
    CMS 5-star rating
  • Riverside Doctors' Hospital OF Williamsburg
    Acute care · 14.1 mi away · ER
    CMS 5-star rating

Across the rated hospitals within 15 miles, the average CMS overall-quality rating is 5.0 (CMS scale: 1 to 5).

Federal data from CMS Hospital Compare. Distances are straight-line estimates from the ZIP code centroid; ZipCheckup neither ranks nor recommends any hospital.

Inspection-day checklist

Practical items to raise with your inspector, agent, or the seller — tailored to this ZIP's data.

  • Hire an independent home inspector for a full walkthrough of the property.
  • Read the seller's disclosure and any past inspection or repair records.
  • Ask for service records for the HVAC system, water heater, and roof.

What this means

  • This report consolidates seven home-purchase risk factors and nearby hazards from public federal data into one place.
  • Each flagged item is a recommendation to verify independently — not a finding of a defect.
  • An independent home inspection remains an essential step before closing.

Methodology: The report combines the home purchase risk score — a seven-factor composite of public federal data — with EPA Superfund, ATSDR, water-disruption, and NRC nuclear-zone proximity datasets. All figures are modeled estimates.

Informational only. This is a modeled summary of public federal data, not a home inspection, an appraisal, or a prediction of defects. Verify any concern with a qualified inspector before a purchase.

📊 EPA, FEMA, U.S. Census, NRC · Updated May 2026

Housing Profile for 23011

Based on U.S. Census data (ACS B25034), there are 413 housing units in this ZIP code. The median home was built around 1995, making it roughly 31 years old.

Median Home Age
31
years (built ~1995)
Lead Paint Risk
35%
homes built before 1986
Lead Pipe Risk
12%
homes built before 1950

When Homes Were Built

Pre-1940
2% (7)
1940–1949
11% (44)
1950–1959
11% (47)
1980–1989
18% (75)
1990–1999
19% (77)
2000–2009
27% (112)
2010–2019
12% (51)
Highest risk (pre-1950) Elevated risk (1950–1979) Lower risk (1980+)

What This Means for Home Equipment

Homes from the 1995s are approaching or past their first major equipment replacement cycle:

  • Water heater: estimated ~7 years old
  • HVAC system: estimated ~14 years old — past typical lifespan
  • Plumbing: likely Copper

Home Value Context

Median Home Value
$368,200
44% above state median ($255,900)

Estimated median home value in this ZIP code based on Census ACS data. Safety remediation costs include water filtration, lead abatement, radon mitigation, and flood insurance where applicable.

📊 Census ACS B25034 · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Equipment Age Estimate for 23011

Based on Census data, the median home in this ZIP was built in 1995 (~31 years old).

Lead Pipe Risk
Moderate
35% homes pre-1986
Electrical Risk
Low
24% homes pre-1970
Water Heater Est. Age
~7 yrs
Avg lifespan: 12 yrs
HVAC Est. Age
~14 yrs
Avg lifespan: 17 yrs

Likely pipe material: Copper

Estimates based on U.S. Census ACS housing vintage data and typical equipment lifespans. Actual conditions vary by home.

Water Infrastructure Risk

24%
Moderate Risk
Estimated pipe failure probability for 23011
State Funding Gap
$636
per resident (20-year need)
Pre-1980 Housing
35%
of homes built before 1980
System Violations
0
EPA violations on record
Lead Indicators
Low
no lead service line indicators

Risk Factor Breakdown

Infrastructure Funding Gap 27%
State drinking water infrastructure need relative to population
Housing Vintage 26%
Proportion of homes with plumbing installed before 1980
Violation History 10%
EPA Safe Drinking Water Act violations and enforcement actions
Lead Exposure Risk 33%
Lead service line probability and lead testing results

What This Means

ZIP code 23011 has some aging water infrastructure. While not at the highest risk level, periodic water testing is a sensible precaution, particularly if your home was built before 1980.

📊 EPA DWINS, Census ACS, EPA SDWIS, LCRR · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Infrastructure Decay & Disruption

36
Low infrastructure stress
Higher modeled infrastructure stress than 11% of US ZIP codes

Water pipe decay

Local water mains have an estimated 14 years of modeled service life remaining.

New 44% of service life consumed End of life
Decay trend
Stable
Likely pipe material
Copper
Estimated system age
31 yrs
Modeled failure probability
24%
estimated annual water-main break likelihood

Bridge condition (FHWA NBI)

Bridges in area
60
Rated in poor condition
6.7%
FHWA NBI structural rating
Average bridge age
58 yrs
Worst bridge rating
4/9
FHWA NBI scale — 9 is excellent, 0 is failed

Bridge figures are from the Federal Highway Administration's National Bridge Inventory. They describe area-level structural ratings, not the safety of any specific bridge.

Bridge condition — FHWA NBI 2024 annual release

Of 60 bridges classified within this ZIP code's surrounding county, 4 are classified Poor by FHWA NBI 2024.

Good (2) · Fair (54) · Poor (4)

FHWA classifies bridges as Good (rating 7-9), Fair (5-6), or Poor (0-4) based on biennial inspections of deck, superstructure, substructure, and culvert components.

Counts are county-level aggregated; multiple ZIP codes within the same county share these counts. No per-bridge or per-structure-ID claim is made.

Source: FHWA National Bridge Inventory, 2024 annual release.

Gas pipeline incident history

PHMSA records 1 reported gas-distribution pipeline incidents on file for this area.

Source: U.S. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) historical incident data.

15%

This is the modeled probability of a boil-water advisory or water-service interruption in the next 90 days.

See the full service-disruption breakdown →

What this means

  • This score blends four public federal datasets — water-pipe decay, bridge condition, gas-pipeline incident history, and a 90-day disruption estimate — into one area-level measure of infrastructure stress.
  • It describes the infrastructure around a home, not the condition of the home itself, and it is a modeled estimate rather than an engineering assessment.
  • Aging water mains raise the chance of breaks and service interruptions; a plumber can inspect a home's own supply line and shut-off valve.

Methodology: Water-pipe decay is modeled with an exponential-decay bathtub curve from Census ACS housing age, EPA ECHO compliance records, and EPA infrastructure-needs data. Bridge condition is from the FHWA National Bridge Inventory; gas-pipeline incidents from PHMSA; the 90-day disruption estimate from EPA and FEMA data. The stress score is a weighted composite of these four signals.

All figures are modeled estimates from public federal data. They are not engineering assessments, predictions of failure, or a judgment about any specific structure or utility.

📊 Census ACS, EPA ECHO, FHWA NBI, PHMSA, FEMA · Updated May 2026

HVAC System Health for 23011

Estimated HVAC Age
~14 years
Average lifespan: 17 years
Replacement Status
Plan Ahead
Approaching end of life. Budget for replacement in the next 3 years.

At 15.87¢/kWh, Virginia's electricity rates are near the national average. An efficient HVAC system can still reduce your energy bills by 20–30%.

Seasonal HVAC Tips for Virginia

Fall / Winter
  • Schedule furnace tune-up before first cold snap
  • Replace air filter (every 1–3 months)
  • Check thermostat calibration
Spring / Summer
  • Clean AC condenser coils and clear debris
  • Test AC before peak season
  • Check refrigerant levels (professional tech only)

Common HVAC Issues for 1995-Era Homes

  • Aging compressor — most compressors last 12–15 years; may need replacement soon
  • Duct leaks — connections loosen over time, wasting 20–30% of conditioned air
  • Lower SEER rating — systems from 2000s are typically 10–13 SEER vs. today's 15–20+ SEER
  • Thermostat upgrades — older thermostats lack programming features that save 10–15% on energy
Refrigerant Update: R-410A Phase-Down

The HVAC system in homes in this area likely uses R-410A, which is being phased down under the AIM Act. Manufacturing of new R-410A equipment was banned January 2025.

  • Your existing system can continue operating and be repaired
  • New replacements will use R-454B or R-32 (A2L refrigerants)
  • New systems cost 5–10% more due to additional safety requirements
  • Plan ahead: when your system needs replacement, budget for the higher cost
Furnace Efficiency Deadline: December 2028

The Department of Energy requires all NEW furnaces manufactured after December 18, 2028 to meet 95% AFUE (condensing furnaces). Current standard is 80% AFUE.

What this means for you:

  • 80% AFUE non-condensing furnaces will no longer be available for purchase
  • Condensing furnaces require PVC venting (additional $1,500–$2,500 for retrofit)
  • If the furnace is approaching end of life, consider replacing before the deadline to potentially save on installation costs
  • Your existing furnace can continue operating — this applies only to NEW equipment

HVAC Questions for 23011

How do I know if my HVAC system needs replacement?

Key signs include: the system is over 15 years old, frequent repairs (more than 2 per year), uneven heating/cooling between rooms, rising energy bills despite normal use, and unusual noises or odors. Based on census data, the median home in 23011 was built in 1995, putting the estimated HVAC system age at ~14 years — which is approaching or past the typical 15–17 year lifespan.

What SEER rating should I look for in a new HVAC system?

As of 2023, the federal minimum is SEER2 15 for central AC in the southern U.S. and SEER2 14 in the north. For Virginia, look for at least SEER 16–18 for good efficiency. Higher SEER ratings (20+) cost more upfront but save more in areas with high electricity rates. ENERGY STAR certified units are a reliable starting point.

How much does HVAC replacement cost in Virginia?

A full HVAC replacement (furnace + AC) typically ranges from $5,000–$12,000 depending on system size, efficiency rating, and ductwork condition. Heat pump systems range from $4,000–$10,000. Federal tax credits (25C) cover up to 30% of the cost for qualifying heat pumps and high-efficiency systems. Check our rebates page for Virginia-specific incentives.

What refrigerant does my AC use and why does it matter?

If your AC was installed before 2010, it likely uses R-22, which was banned in 2020 and now costs $50–$150/lb. Systems from 2010–2024 typically use R-410A, which is being phased down (AIM Act 2025). New systems use R-454B or R-32. When your current system needs major repair, the refrigerant type significantly affects whether repair or replacement makes more economic sense.

Should I replace my furnace before the 2028 efficiency deadline?

If the furnace in a home is over 15 years old and the area has a cold/moderate climate, planning ahead is wise. After December 2028, only 95% AFUE condensing furnaces will be available. These require PVC venting — retrofitting an older home for PVC can cost $1,500–$2,500 on top of the furnace price. Replacing before the deadline with a standard 80% AFUE unit may be more cost-effective if the venting isn't PVC-ready.

HVAC age estimate based on U.S. Census ACS housing vintage data and a 17-year replacement cycle. Actual system age varies by home.

Appliance Age Estimates for 23011

Median home built in 1995 (~31 years old). Appliance ages estimated from typical replacement cycles.

Water Heater
~7 yrs
Avg lifespan: 12 yrs · $800–$2500
Dishwasher
~7 yrs
Avg lifespan: 12 yrs · $700–$2500
Washing Machine
~7 yrs
Avg lifespan: 12 yrs · $600–$2200
Dryer
~5 yrs
Avg lifespan: 13 yrs · $500–$2000
Refrigerator
~3 yrs
Avg lifespan: 14 yrs · $1000–$4000
Garbage Disposal
~7 yrs
Avg lifespan: 12 yrs · $200–$600

How Water Quality Affects Appliance Lifespan

Water conditions in Barhamsville directly impact how long your appliances last.

Hard Water
Mineral buildup (calcium, magnesium) clogs water heaters, dishwashers, and washing machines. Can reduce lifespan by 25–30%.
Sediment & Particulates
Sand and rust particles accelerate wear on valves, seals, and heating elements in water heaters and dishwashers.
High Chlorine
Corrodes rubber gaskets and seals in washing machines and dishwashers, leading to leaks and premature failure.
Low pH (Acidic Water)
Corrodes metal components inside water heaters and garbage disposals, shortening their service life.

Homes built before 1996 have likely gone through 2+ full appliance replacement cycles. If original appliances remain, they are well past expected lifespan.

Appliance Maintenance FAQ

How often should I flush my water heater?

Flush your tank water heater at least once a year to remove sediment buildup. In areas with hard water, every 6 months is recommended. Sediment reduces heating efficiency and accelerates tank corrosion, shortening lifespan by 2–4 years.

When should I replace my dishwasher vs. repair it?

If your dishwasher is over 9 years old and the repair costs more than 50% of a new unit, replacement is generally more cost-effective. Common signs: dishes not getting clean, water pooling after cycles, or rust spots on the interior.

Does a water softener really extend appliance life?

Yes. A water softener can extend water heater lifespan by up to 30% and reduce dishwasher and washing machine maintenance by preventing mineral scale buildup on heating elements, valves, and spray arms. The Battelle Memorial Institute found that softened water kept water heaters at original factory efficiency over a 15-year period.

Estimates based on U.S. Census housing vintage data and manufacturer-average replacement cycles. Actual appliance age depends on renovation history and maintenance.

Electrical Safety for 23011

Median home built in 1995 (~31 years old). 24% of homes were built before 1970, when electrical standards were significantly different.

Electrical Risk Level
Low
24% homes pre-1970
Est. Panel Age
~1 yrs
Avg lifespan: 25–40 yrs

Common Electrical Issues for 1995-Era Homes

  • Aging circuit breakers — breakers can weaken over time and fail to trip during overloads, creating fire hazards
  • Insufficient circuits — homes from this era may lack dedicated circuits for kitchen, bathroom, and laundry areas
  • Missing GFCI/AFCI protection — current code requires GFCI in wet areas and AFCI in bedrooms; older homes often lack both
  • Outdated panel capacity — 100–150 amp panels may be insufficient for modern loads (heat pumps, EV charging, home office)

⚠️ Insurance Compliance Alert

35% of homes in 23011 were built before 1986 — the era when Federal Pacific (FPE StabLok), Zinsco, and Challenger electrical panels were commonly installed.

These panels have a documented 60%+ breaker failure rate and are refused by major insurance companies including State Farm, Allstate, and Citizens (FL).

If you receive an insurance non-renewal notice or 4-point inspection failure:

  • Typical deadline: 30 days to replace panel
  • Replacement cost: $1,500–$4,000
  • Failure to replace: insurance cancellation → mortgage default risk

Insurance blacklist: State Farm, Farmers, Allstate, USAA, Mercury, Citizens (FL), Nationwide.

When to Call an Electrician

Urgent Signs
  • Burning smell from outlets or panel
  • Frequent breaker trips
  • Sparking or discolored outlets
  • Buzzing sounds from wiring or panel
Recommended Inspections
  • Before buying a home (especially pre-1980)
  • After any water damage or flooding
  • Before adding major appliances or EV charger
  • If your panel is 25+ years old

Electrical Safety Tips

Panel & Wiring
  • Never use a fuse with a higher amperage rating than the circuit is designed for
  • Label all breakers clearly in your electrical panel
  • Keep 3 feet of clearance in front of your electrical panel
Around the Home
  • Test GFCI outlets monthly using the built-in test button
  • Replace any cracked or warm outlet covers immediately
  • Do not daisy-chain power strips or extension cords

Homes built before 1996 should have their electrical panel and GFCI protection reviewed, especially if no upgrades have been made.

Electrical Safety Questions for 23011

How do I know if my electrical panel needs an upgrade?

Key signs include: frequent breaker trips, a panel over 25 years old, fuses instead of circuit breakers, visible rust or corrosion, and a panel rated below 200 amps if you have modern appliances, HVAC, or an EV charger. Based on census data, the median home in 23011 was built in 1995 — homes of this age often have panels that don't meet current electrical demands.

How much does an electrical panel upgrade cost?

A panel upgrade from 100 to 200 amps typically costs $1,500–$4,000 depending on your location and the complexity of the work. If the meter base or service entrance also needs replacement, costs can reach $4,000–$6,000. Rewiring a full home (common in pre-1960 homes) ranges from $8,000–$15,000+ depending on size and accessibility.

Is aluminum wiring dangerous?

Aluminum wiring itself is not inherently dangerous, but connections between aluminum wiring and copper devices (outlets, switches) can overheat due to differential thermal expansion. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) found that homes with aluminum wiring are 55 times more likely to have fire-hazard conditions. If your home has aluminum wiring, a qualified electrician can install COPALUM or AlumiConn connectors to make connections safe.

Is my home likely to have a Federal Pacific or Zinsco panel?

These panels were installed primarily between 1960 and 1985. Based on census data, 35% of homes in 23011 were built during this era. If your home was built in this period and the panel has never been replaced, there is a meaningful chance it contains an FPE StabLok or Zinsco panel. Look for the brand name on your breaker panel door.

Electrical risk assessment based on U.S. Census ACS housing vintage data. Actual wiring and panel condition varies by home and renovation history.

Septic System Requirements in Virginia

✓ No Statewide Mandate
Not mandatory at sale, but HB2671 standards if requested (effective July 1, 2025)

Voluntary at sale. If inspection is requested, must follow HB2671 standards starting July 2025.

Typical Inspection Cost
$400 – $900
Based on Virginia market rates
Consequence of Non-Compliance

No penalty for skipping inspection. Non-compliant inspection reports may be invalidated.

Legal Reference: Virginia HB2671 (2025)

What Homeowners Should Know

  • Approximately 1 in 5 U.S. households relies on a septic system for wastewater treatment.
  • Regular pumping every 3–5 years is recommended by the EPA to prevent system failure.
  • A failed septic system can cost $7,000–$15,000 or more to replace, depending on system type and soil conditions.
  • If you are selling a property in Virginia, check your state and local requirements before listing.
  • Signs of septic failure include slow drains, sewage odors, and standing water near the drain field.

Source: Virginia environmental and health department regulations. Cost estimates reflect typical market rates and may vary by provider, system size, and location. This information is for general guidance only—contact your local health department for requirements specific to your property.

CO & Gas Safety Profile

2
Low Gas Risk
PHMSA gas distribution incident risk score for 23011
County Incidents
1
gas distribution incidents since 2004
Fatalities
0
no deaths reported
Latest Incident
2019
most recent reported
Risk Level
Low
based on incident history
RISK SCORE 2/100
0 — Safe 100 — Highest Risk

CO & Gas Safety Tips

  • Install CO detectors on every level of your home and near sleeping areas. Replace batteries annually and units every 5-7 years.
  • Know gas leak signs: rotten egg smell, hissing sounds near gas lines, dead vegetation near pipelines, bubbling in standing water.
  • Annual inspection: have a licensed technician inspect gas appliances (furnace, water heater, stove) every year.
  • Emergency: if you smell gas, leave immediately, do not use electrical switches, and call 911 or your gas company from outside.

Protect Your Home from Carbon Monoxide

The CPSC recommends a CO detector on every level. Battery-operated models start at $20. Smart detectors with app alerts start at $35.

Product link may earn a commission — see our disclosure.

📊 PHMSA Gas Distribution Incidents · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Remodeling Permit Requirements in Virginia

⚠ Strict Permit Enforcement
What Requires a Permit

Structural, electrical, plumbing, mechanical. Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code applies to all localities.

Typical Permit Cost
$100 – $2500
Based on Virginia fee schedules
Penalty for Non-Compliance

Fines up to $2,500/day, stop-work orders, mandatory correction, misdemeanor

Legal Reference: VA Code §36-97 et seq.; Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code

Why This Matters

  • Unpermitted work can reduce your home's appraised value by 10–20% and complicate or block a sale entirely.
  • Homeowner insurance may deny claims for damage caused by or related to unpermitted renovations.
  • Buyers' lenders may require proof of permits before approving a mortgage, especially for kitchens, bathrooms, and structural changes.
  • Unpermitted electrical and plumbing work is a leading cause of house fires and water damage — permits exist to ensure safety inspections.
  • If you are planning remodeling work in Virginia, contact your local building department before starting any project that alters structure, electrical, plumbing, or mechanical systems.

Remodeling Permit Questions for 23011

What remodeling work requires a permit in Virginia?

In Virginia, permits are generally required for any work that alters the structure, electrical wiring, plumbing, or mechanical systems of a home. This includes kitchen and bathroom renovations involving plumbing or electrical changes, wall removal, room additions, window enlargements, re-roofing, and HVAC replacement. Purely cosmetic work — painting, flooring, cabinet refacing without plumbing changes — typically does not require a permit. Always check with your local building department, as municipal requirements may be stricter than state minimums.

What happens if I remodel without a permit in Virginia?

Working without a required permit in Virginia can result in Fines up to $2,500/day, stop-work orders, mandatory correction, misdemeanor. Beyond legal penalties, unpermitted work creates problems when selling: buyers' home inspectors and appraisers flag unpermitted additions, lenders may refuse financing, and title companies may require permits to be obtained retroactively — often at 2–3 times the original permit fee. In serious cases, you may be required to open walls for inspection or demolish non-compliant work.

How much does a remodeling permit cost in Virginia?

Remodeling permit fees in Virginia typically range from $100 to $2500, depending on the scope and value of the project. Most jurisdictions calculate fees as a percentage of the project's estimated construction cost (usually 1–2%) or use a flat fee schedule based on project type. Electrical and plumbing sub-permits may be billed separately. Contact your local building department for an exact fee quote before starting work.

Permit requirements based on Virginia building codes and ICC adoption data. Costs reflect typical municipal fee schedules and may vary by jurisdiction, project scope, and valuation. This information is for general guidance only — contact your local building department for requirements specific to your project.

Cost & Community (5) OK

True Cost of Ownership

$3,270
estimated extra annual cost vs a median-risk US ZIP
Higher modeled annual risk-cost than 83% of US ZIP codes

How this ZIP compares

US median ZIP
$1,200
per year
VA median
$2,120
per year

Where the estimate comes from

Sea level rise$3,000
Energy-code gap$270

5-year equipment outlook

Major home equipment that may reach the end of its typical service life within five years. Figures are national-average installed-cost ranges, not quotes.

Water heater $800–$2,500
Estimated age ~7 yrs; typical service life 12 yrs
Estimated water heater age is near the end of its typical service life.
Central HVAC system $3,500–$10,000
Estimated age ~14 yrs; typical service life 16 yrs
Estimated HVAC system age is near the end of its typical service life.
Estimated 5-year replacement range $4,300–$12,500

What this means

  • This is a modeled estimate of how much more — or less — a household here may spend each year on risk-related costs such as insurance, mitigation, testing, and maintenance, compared with a typical US ZIP.
  • It is a comparison figure for context, not a bill, a quote, or financial advice.
  • The 5-year equipment ranges above are separate one-time replacements, not part of the annual figure.

Planning for aging home equipment? — talk to a local expert.

Call (855) 384-4856

This is a free service. You will be connected with an independent service provider. We may receive compensation.

Methodology: Each of 13 risk verticals is assigned a dollar figure from public federal data; the total is the modeled annual difference from a median-risk US ZIP. The 5-year equipment outlook flags major home equipment whose estimated age is within five years of its typical service life; figures are national-average installed-cost ranges.

Estimates are modeled from public federal data. They are not quotes, prices, or financial or insurance advice.

Tax Burden in Virginia

State tax rates affect cost of ownership. Here's how Virginia compares to national averages.

Income Tax
5.8%
top marginal rate
US avg: 5.3%
Sales Tax
5.8%
combined avg
US avg: 6.6%
Property Tax
0.74%
effective rate
US avg: 0.98%
Sales Tax Breakdown
State rate: 5.30%
Avg local add-on: 0.47%

Source: Tax Foundation 2024. Income tax = top marginal rate. Sales tax = state + avg local. Property tax = effective rate on home value.

Energy Costs in Virginia

Residential electricity rate: 15.87¢/kWh7% below the national average (national avg: 17.0¢/kWh · EIA, December 2025)

Virginia Energy Mix

Solar 8.6% Hydro 1.2% Nuclear 26.6% Gas 57.3% Coal 3.4% Petroleum 0.5%
Renewable energy
9.8%
Clean energy (incl. nuclear)
36.4%

Source: EIA Form 923, 2025 data. Renewable = solar + wind + hydro + geothermal.

📊 EIA + Census ACS · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Electric Utility for 23011

Provider
Virginia Electric & Power Co
Investor Owned
Residential Rate
14.1¢/kWh
State avg: 15.9¢/kWh

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-861 (2024 data). EIA ID: 19876.

Home Energy Audit for 23011

IRA Energy Incentives Are Time-Limited

The Inflation Reduction Act provides up to $8,000 in rebates and $3,200 in annual tax credits for home energy upgrades — but many provisions phase down or expire after 2032. A professional energy audit is the first step to qualifying for these incentives. Homes in 23011 average ~31 years old, making energy audits especially impactful.

Electricity Rate
14.1¢/kWh
State avg: 15.9¢/kWh (7% below U.S. avg)
Est. Annual Energy Cost
$1,666
based on avg U.S. household (10,500 kWh/yr)
Renewable Energy
10%
of Virginia's electricity from renewables
Potential Annual Savings
$167–$417
10–25% savings from energy audit

What a Home Energy Audit Covers

Thermal Envelope
  • Insulation levels in attic, walls, and basement
  • Air leaks around windows, doors, and ducts
  • Blower door test (measures total air leakage)
Equipment & Systems
  • HVAC efficiency and age assessment
  • Water heater type and condition
  • Lighting and appliance energy use
Safety Checks
  • Carbon monoxide and combustion safety
  • Moisture and ventilation assessment
  • Gas leak detection
Deliverables
  • Prioritized list of recommended upgrades
  • Estimated cost and savings for each upgrade
  • Rebate and tax credit eligibility report
Potential Savings from an Energy Audit
  • The average home energy audit identifies $200–$400/year in savings (DOE)
  • Properly sealed and insulated homes save 15% on heating and cooling costs (DOE)
  • Heat pump upgrades can reduce heating costs by 30–50% compared to electric resistance
  • ENERGY STAR certified windows save $101–$583/year compared to single-pane windows
  • Weatherization assistance programs are available for income-qualifying households

Homes in 23011 are ~31 years old on average — older homes typically have the most to gain from an energy audit due to outdated insulation, single-pane windows, and aging HVAC systems.

Your Utility: Virginia Electric & Power Co

Virginia Electric & Power Co (Investor-owned) serves 23011. Your local residential rate is 14.1¢/kWh , which is below the national average — but efficiency upgrades still pay for themselves over time . Many utilities offer additional rebates on top of federal IRA incentives — ask your energy auditor about programs from Virginia Electric & Power Co.

Federal & State Incentives
IRA Tax Credits (IRC §25C) — up to $3,200/year
$2,000 — Heat pump / heat pump water heater
$1,600 — Insulation & air sealing
$600 — Windows & doors
$150 — Home energy audit itself
IRA Rebates (HEEHRA — income-qualified)
Up to $8,000 — Heat pump installation
Up to $1,600 — Insulation & air sealing
Up to $2,500 — Electrical panel upgrade
Up to $840 — Heat pump clothes dryer
30% tax credit for solar panels — extended through 2032 under the Inflation Reduction Act (IRC §25D). No annual cap for residential solar.

Under the Inflation Reduction Act. Income limits apply for HEEHRA rebates. Tax credits require tax liability. IRS details →

DOE Home Energy Audit Standards

To claim the $150 federal tax credit, your energy audit must meet DOE standards (10 CFR 440.21) and be performed by a qualified auditor. A DOE-compliant audit includes:

  • Blower door test to measure air infiltration
  • Infrared thermography to identify insulation gaps
  • Combustion safety testing for gas appliances
  • Written report with prioritized, cost-effective upgrade recommendations

Energy Audit Questions for 23011

How much does a home energy audit cost?

A professional home energy audit typically costs $150–$400 depending on the size of your home and the depth of testing. The Inflation Reduction Act provides a $150 tax credit for qualifying audits performed by a certified auditor, effectively covering a significant portion of the audit cost. Some utilities also subsidize audits for their customers — check with Virginia Electric & Power Co for local programs.

What is the difference between an energy audit and a home inspection?

A home inspection (done during a home sale) evaluates structural and safety conditions. An energy audit specifically measures how your home uses energy and identifies efficiency improvements. Energy audits use specialized tools like blower doors, infrared cameras, and duct blasters that are not part of a standard home inspection. The audit produces a prioritized list of upgrades with estimated costs and savings.

How much can I save after an energy audit?

According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the average audit identifies $200–$400/year in savings. Actual savings depend on your home's age, current insulation, HVAC efficiency, and local energy rates. At current rates in Virginia, the average home spends approximately $1,666/year on electricity — a 15–25% reduction through audit-recommended upgrades could save $250–$417 annually. With homes in 23011 averaging ~31 years old, there is likely significant potential for improvement.

What rebates and tax credits are available for energy upgrades?

The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) provides two types of incentives: (1) Tax credits up to $3,200/year for heat pumps ($2,000), insulation ($1,600), windows ($600), and the audit itself ($150); and (2) HEEHRA rebates for income-qualifying households — up to $8,000 for heat pumps, $1,600 for insulation, $2,500 for electrical panels, and $840 for heat pump dryers. Solar panels qualify for a separate 30% tax credit through 2032.

Do I need an energy audit before installing solar panels?

An energy audit is not legally required before installing solar, but the DOE strongly recommends it. Reducing your home's energy consumption before adding solar means you need a smaller (cheaper) system to cover your needs. An audit typically identifies 15–30% in energy reductions through insulation, air sealing, and HVAC improvements — which directly reduces the size and cost of a solar installation.

How long does a home energy audit take?

A comprehensive energy audit takes 2–4 hours for a typical single-family home. The auditor will inspect the attic, basement, walls, windows, HVAC system, water heater, and ductwork. Diagnostic tests (blower door, infrared scan) add precision to the findings. You will receive a written report within 1–2 weeks with prioritized recommendations and estimated costs.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-169).

Safety Updates for Barhamsville, Virginia

Violations & Enforcement Timeline

2023-08-31 State Informal Action
2023-08-28 State Informal Action
2023-06-29 State Order Extension
2023-03-29 State Order Extension
2023-02-16 State Filed Judgment
View all 7 records
2023-02-16 State Informal Enforcement
2022-08-01 State Filed Judgment

National safety news feed →

📊 EPA ECHO · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Recent Product Recalls

Recent CPSC recalls for plumbing and HVAC products that may affect homes in your area.

Superbobi 7 3/8 Inch Pool Drain Covers
Shenzhen Jiangtou Technology Co. · 2026-05-14

Electric Kettles (ENFINIGY 1.5 l and ENFINIGY Pro 1.5 l)
ZWILLING J. A. Henckels Aktiengesellschaft · 2026-05-14

Electric Start Pressure Washers
Generac Power Systems Expands · 2026-05-14

1-K Kerosene Heater Fluid Portable Fuel Containers
Alliance Chemical · 2026-04-30

View all recalls →

📊 CPSC · Updated March 2026 · View source →

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the tap water in 23011 safe to drink?

Based on EPA SDWIS data, Barhamsville's primary water system (Rockahock Campgrounds, Inc.) has 0 recorded violations in the past 5 years, including 0 health-based. Check the full report above for details.

Where does 23011's water come from?

The primary water source for ZIP code 23011 is Groundwater. Rockahock Campgrounds, Inc. serves approximately 375 people.

How can I get my water tested in Barhamsville?

Contact your local water utility (Rockahock Campgrounds, Inc.) for a free Consumer Confidence Report, or hire a certified lab for independent home water testing. The EPA recommends annual testing if you use a private well.

What is the radon risk for 23011?

23011 falls in EPA Radon Zone 3 (Low risk), located in New Kent County. Zone 1 indicates the highest radon potential. Testing your home is recommended regardless of zone.

Nearby ZIP Code Reports

Water quality comparison for ZIP codes near 23011

ZIP Code City, State Distance Grade Violations
23089 Lanexa, VA 4.9 mi B 2
23168 Toano, VA 5.0 mi A 2
23181 West Point, VA 6.5 mi A 1
23127 Norge, VA 7.3 mi B 0
23156 Shacklefords, VA 7.9 mi A 0
23090 Lightfoot, VA 9.4 mi C 0
23110 Mattaponi, VA 10.6 mi B 0
23188 Williamsburg, VA 10.6 mi A 1
23190 Woods Cross Roads, VA 10.8 mi C 0
23186 Williamsburg, VA 11.4 mi A 1

Overall safety breakdown

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Coverage: 12/17 risk factors Data sources →
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