Historical Compliance Records SD

Lincoln County Rural Water System

EPA ID: SD4600304 ยท 5,965 people served ยท 8 ZIP codes

ZipCheckup's reading of EPA records for Lincoln County Rural Water System (SD4600304): 1 violation on record since 2021. Past violations at Lincoln County Rural Water System total 1, all marked resolved; it supplies 5,965 residents.

Data: EPA SDWIS

5,965
People Served
8
ZIP Codes Served
1
Violations (since 2021)
Groundwater
Water Source
0.002 mg/L
Most recent lead 90th percentile on record (monitoring period ending 2024-12-31)
1
Contaminants Flagged
$282K
Median Home Value in ZIP Codes Served

Service Area Map

Coverage area for Lincoln County Rural Water System Source: EPA SDWIS service area boundaries.

Service area boundary

Demographics of ZIP Codes Served

$89,921
Median Household Income
133,559
Population of ZIP Codes Served (Census)
8%
Disadvantaged Population
25th
Poverty Percentile
30th
Energy Burden Percentile
35%
Pre-1986 Housing

The ZIP codes associated with Lincoln County Rural Water System have a median household income of $89,921 and about 133,559 residents live in those ZIP codes (Census; not the number of people this system supplies).

๐Ÿ’ง Where Does Your Water Come From?

Groundwater

Lincoln County Rural Water System's water is classified in EPA records as a groundwater source. Groundwater is naturally filtered through rock and soil, but it can be vulnerable to PFAS contamination, nitrates from agriculture, and industrial chemicals that seep into the water table.

Moderate Risk
Source Contamination Risk
55th
Wastewater Discharge Proximity
10th
Superfund Site Proximity

Infrastructure Risk

38 yr
Estimated pipe age (modeled from housing age)
Copper
Likely pipe material (modeled)
31 yr
Est. Remaining Life
Moderate Wear
Decay Status
Installed 55% of expected lifespan used (estimate) End of life

PFAS in ZIP Codes This System Serves

PFAS ("forever chemicals") have been reported in samples from water systems associated with the ZIP codes in this system's area. These results can come from other water systems serving the same ZIP codes; check the UCMR5 section for any results reported for this system. 8 detections recorded.

Health concern: Exposure to certain PFAS has been associated with some cancers and with immune and developmental effects; effects differ by compound. Many PFAS break down very slowly in the environment.
Recommended filter: An activated carbon filter certified under NSF/ANSI 53 or a reverse osmosis system certified under NSF/ANSI 58 for the PFAS listed in its certification. Find the right filter โ†’

Comparable Water Systems

Similar-sized systems in South Dakota

1 violation
Madison
6,191 people
0 violations
C 0 violations
0 violations
Brown-day-marshall Rws
5,673 people
0 violations

Estimated Remediation Costs

Average estimated costs across ZIP codes served by this system

PFAS Treatment Water Filtration
PFAS Treatment $500
Water Filtration $38
Total Estimated Cost $538

Based on national averages for common remediation projects. Actual costs vary by property. Only issues flagged by EPA, FEMA, or state data for each ZIP code are included.

Cost of Inaction

Illustrative per-household cost scenario based on stated assumptions:

Estimated Healthcare Costs $500

Annual per household (ZipCheckup estimate)

PFAS Exposure - Lifetime Cost $1,000

Per person (emerging research est.)

Estimated Cumulative Cost Per Household

5 years
$2,665
10 years
$5,330
20 years
$10,660

Compare: Estimated remediation cost is $538 (one-time) vs. $5,330 in estimated inaction costs over 10 years.

Individual costs vary by household size, property, and health factors. These estimates are for awareness, not financial advice.

System Overview

Lincoln County Rural Water System (EPA ID: SD4600304) is a community water system in South Dakota that serves approximately 5,965 people from groundwater sources.

This system provides water to 8 ZIP codes across 6 communities.

Violation History

No current noncompliance in the accepted 2026Q2 snapshot. The 1 record in the 2021-2026 window are classified as resolved or archived, not current.

Status breakdown for accepted records with record years 2021-2026: 1 resolved, 0 archived, 0 addressed, and 0 unaddressed. Under this source contract, current noncompliance is the sum of addressed and unaddressed records. Archived and resolved records are excluded from current noncompliance.

Recent Violations

Date Contaminant Type Status
April 1, 2024 Chlorine Non-health-based Resolved

Contaminants Detected

The following contaminants have been flagged in EPA records for this water system:

Contaminant Category Violations Health-Based
Chlorine Monitoring & Reporting 1 No

Lead & Copper

EPA Lead and Copper Rule evidence attributed directly to this water system:

Lead Level Exceeds Action Level Sample Date
0.002 mg/L No 2024-12-31

No copper action-level exceedance record appears for this PWSID in the accepted LCR snapshot. This does not establish a clean copper measurement.

Need help with your water quality?

Typical cost: Water test: typically $20โ€“$50 (DIY kit) ยท Professional inspection: $150โ€“$400

Find the Right Water Filter

Free tip: Ask your water utility whether running cold water for 2 minutes is enough to flush your plumbing before drinking.

ZIP Codes Served

Coverage: Service area ZIP codes sourced from EPA Community Water System Service Area Boundaries v3 (March 2026 release). These ZIPs reflect the actual deployment footprint recorded by SD or modeled from parcel and building-footprint data.

Data Sources

This report uses public data from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS). View available EPA compliance records for Lincoln County Rural Water System (SD4600304) on EPA.gov.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Lincoln County Rural Water System water safe to drink?

The accepted 2026Q2 ECHO snapshot shows no current noncompliance for Lincoln County Rural Water System; its 1 accepted 2021-2026 record are resolved or archived. Historical compliance status does not establish conditions at a specific tap.

How many people does Lincoln County Rural Water System serve?

Lincoln County Rural Water System serves approximately 5,965 people across 8 ZIP codes in South Dakota.

Where does Lincoln County Rural Water System get its water?

The primary water source is groundwater.

Federal UCMR5 PFAS Monitoring: Detected

This water system was tested under the federal EPA Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR5). PFAS compounds were detected; the table compares each one with the EPA MCL where one exists (April 2024 rule, compliance required from 2029) and with this state's enforceable standard where one exists.

Samples collected
116
Detections
1
Latest sample
3/27/2023
Highest analyte
PFBA: 6.1 ppt
Analyte Max detected EPA MCL (compliance required from 2029) Status
PFBA 6.1 ppt No federal MCL โ€”

EPA's April 2024 PFAS rule sets MCLs of 4 ppt for PFOA and PFOS and 10 ppt for PFHxS, PFNA and HFPO-DA (GenX); water systems must comply from 2029. Other PFAS compounds have no individual federal MCL. A state standard is shown only where this system's state has its own enforceable PFAS limit. Detection results are EPA UCMR5 samples, not a measurement at your tap.

Source: U.S. EPA UCMR5 (Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule, 5th cycle) โ€” per-system federal sampling, 2023โ€“2025. EPA UCMR5 monitoring program โ†’

Understand PFAS health context and filtration โ†’

How Water Systems Appear in Rankings

Water systems are evaluated by violation history, contaminant detections, and service population. Larger systems with more service connections appear in more rankings.

Frequently Asked Questions

Should I use a water filter? ▼
Given 1 recorded violation, review the violation types and dates; a filter certified for a specific contaminant of concern can reduce that contaminant at the tap. Monitoring or reporting violations are not something a filter addresses.
How many people does Lincoln County Rural Water System serve? ▼
Lincoln County Rural Water System serves approximately 5,965 people with drinking water across 8 ZIP codes.
What is Lincoln County Rural Water System's water source? ▼
Lincoln County Rural Water System draws water from groundwater sources. Source type affects which contaminants are most likely to be present.
Is there lead in Lincoln County Rural Water System's water? ▼
The most recent 90th-percentile lead result on record is 0.002 mg/L (sample period ending 2024-12-31). This is at or below the EPA lead action level, which triggers system action and is not a safe level; the EPA health goal for lead is zero.
What is the demographic profile of the ZIP codes associated with Lincoln County Rural Water System? ▼
The ZIP codes mapped to Lincoln County Rural Water System have a median household income of $89,921 (Census ZIP-code estimate). Demographic data is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau and EPA EJScreen.
Where does Lincoln County Rural Water System get its water? ▼
Lincoln County Rural Water System's water is classified in EPA records as a groundwater source. Groundwater is naturally filtered through rock and soil, but it can be vulnerable to PFAS contamination, nitrates from agriculture, and industrial chemicals that seep into the water table. Based on the available data, the modeled source-contamination category is moderate; test local water to assess actual exposure.

How to cite this page

APA ZipCheckup. (n.d.). Lincoln County Rural Water System (SD): 1 EPA Violation. https://zipcheckup.com/water-system/sd4600304/
BibTeX
@misc{zipcheckup-water-system-sd4600304,
  author = {{ZipCheckup}},
  title  = {{Lincoln County Rural Water System (SD): 1 EPA Violation}},
  year   = {n.d.},
  url    = {https://zipcheckup.com/water-system/sd4600304/}
}

What You Can Do

1

Test your water

Home test kits can detect lead, bacteria, and other contaminants at your tap. Find the right filter โ†’

2

Check your specific ZIP code

Water quality can vary within a system. View nearest ZIP report โ†’

3

Contact your utility

Lincoln County Rural Water System (EPA ID: SD4600304) - request the latest Consumer Confidence Report or ask about specific contaminants.

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