Virginia Water Quality Report: 1,610 Violations Across 1,228 ZIPs
1,193 water systems · 1,228 ZIP codes · 1,610 violations · Updated 2026-05-31
Data: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), EPA ECHO Last verified: 2026-05-31
City Water Quality Map: Virginia
Each circle represents a city. Size indicates population, color indicates water quality grade. Tap a circle for details.
Violation Trend
EPA violations across all water systems in Virginia.
Cities with Most Violations in Virginia
| # | City | Grade | Violations | Systems | Population | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Richmond | A | 195 | 5 | 231,333 | Details → |
| 2 | Roanoke | B | 176 | 5 | 190,045 | Details → |
| 3 | Danville | C | 88 | 2 | 43,095 | Details → |
| 4 | Arlington | A | 60 | 3 | 216,490 | Details → |
| 5 | Martinsville | C | 44 | 2 | 13,700 | Details → |
| 6 | Charlottesville | B | 33 | 5 | 139,056 | Details → |
| 7 | Cleveland | D | 29 | 2 | 563 | Details → |
| 8 | Carrollton | C | 29 | 1 | 31 | Details → |
| 9 | Lovingston | B | 26 | 5 | 10,290 | Details → |
| 10 | Norfolk | B | 24 | 5 | 298,051 | Details → |
Cities with Best Water Quality in Virginia
| # | City | Grade | Score | Systems | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isle Of Wight | A | 99/100 | 5 | 10,163 |
| 2 | Rappahannock Academy | A | 99/100 | 1 | 2,065 |
| 3 | Hanover | A | 95/100 | 5 | 58,615 |
| 4 | New Kent | A | 95/100 | 5 | 14,670 |
| 5 | Ruther Glen | A | 95/100 | 3 | 5,499 |
| 6 | King William | A | 95/100 | 2 | 2,323 |
| 7 | Fredericksburg | A | 94/100 | 5 | 124,533 |
| 8 | Wakefield | A | 94/100 | 1 | 1,116 |
| 9 | Henrico | A | 93/100 | 1 | 330,000 |
| 10 | Suffolk | A | 92/100 | 5 | 168,872 |
Most Common Contaminants in Virginia
| Contaminant | Category | Violations | ZIPs Affected | Health Risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) | Disinfection Byproducts | 394 | 155 | Yes |
| Surface Water Treatment Rule | Treatment Technique | 173 | 103 | No |
| Stage 1 DBP Rule | Treatment Technique | 134 | 105 | Yes |
| Revised Total Coliform Rule | Microbiological | 132 | 75 | No |
| Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) | Disinfection Byproducts | 81 | 30 | Yes |
| Lead and Copper Rule | Treatment Technique | 59 | 39 | No |
| Nickel | Inorganic | 47 | 3 | Yes |
| Total Coliform | Microbiological | 25 | 20 | No |
| Fecal Coliform | Microbiological | 24 | 24 | No |
| Arsenic | Inorganic | 20 | 20 | No |
Water Quality Overview
Virginia has 1,193 community water systems serving approximately 30,233,669 people across 1,228 ZIP codes. These systems have accumulated 1,610 EPA violations, including 213 health-based violations.
Health-based violations account for 13% of all violations in Virginia. These violations indicate contaminant levels that may pose direct risks to human health, as opposed to monitoring or reporting failures.
Violation Breakdown
| Violation Type | Count | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Health-based | 213 | 13.2% |
| Monitoring/Reporting | 1,397 | 86.8% |
| Total | 1,610 | 100% |
Health-based violations indicate contaminant levels exceeding EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Monitoring violations indicate failures to test or report — these do not necessarily mean unsafe water, but they mean the water was not properly verified.
Cities with Most Violations
The following cities in Virginia have the highest number of EPA violations:
| Rank | City | Grade | Violations | Water Systems | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Richmond | A | 195 | 5 | 231,333 |
| 2 | Roanoke | B | 176 | 5 | 190,045 |
| 3 | Danville | C | 88 | 2 | 43,095 |
| 4 | Arlington | A | 60 | 3 | 216,490 |
| 5 | Martinsville | C | 44 | 2 | 13,700 |
| 6 | Charlottesville | B | 33 | 5 | 139,056 |
| 7 | Cleveland | D | 29 | 2 | 563 |
| 8 | Carrollton | C | 29 | 1 | 31 |
| 9 | Lovingston | B | 26 | 5 | 10,290 |
| 10 | Norfolk | B | 24 | 5 | 298,051 |
Violation counts are cumulative across all water systems serving each city. Higher counts may reflect larger systems with more monitoring requirements, not necessarily worse water quality.
Cities with Best Water Quality
These Virginia cities maintain Grade A water with zero violations:
| Rank | City | Grade | Score | Water Systems | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isle Of Wight | A | 99/100 | 5 | 10,163 |
| 2 | Rappahannock Academy | A | 99/100 | 1 | 2,065 |
| 3 | Hanover | A | 95/100 | 5 | 58,615 |
| 4 | New Kent | A | 95/100 | 5 | 14,670 |
| 5 | Ruther Glen | A | 95/100 | 3 | 5,499 |
| 6 | King William | A | 95/100 | 2 | 2,323 |
| 7 | Fredericksburg | A | 94/100 | 5 | 124,533 |
| 8 | Wakefield | A | 94/100 | 1 | 1,116 |
| 9 | Henrico | A | 93/100 | 1 | 330,000 |
| 10 | Suffolk | A | 92/100 | 5 | 168,872 |
Violation Trend Over Time
Year-by-year EPA violations recorded across all water systems in Virginia:
| Year | Total Violations | Health-Based |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 72 | 72 |
| 2022 | 138 | 138 |
| 2023 | 229 | 229 |
| 2024 | 335 | 335 |
| 2025 | 196 | 196 |
Violations have increased from 72 in 2021 to 196 in 2025. This trend warrants monitoring and may reflect expanded testing requirements rather than worsening quality.
Most Common Contaminants
The following contaminants have caused the most violations across Virginia water systems:
| Contaminant | Category | Violations | ZIPs Affected | Health-Based |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) | Disinfection Byproducts | 394 | 155 | Yes |
| Surface Water Treatment Rule | Treatment Technique | 173 | 103 | No |
| Stage 1 DBP Rule | Treatment Technique | 134 | 105 | Yes |
| Revised Total Coliform Rule | Microbiological | 132 | 75 | No |
| Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) | Disinfection Byproducts | 81 | 30 | Yes |
| Lead and Copper Rule | Treatment Technique | 59 | 39 | No |
| Nickel | Inorganic | 47 | 3 | Yes |
| Total Coliform | Microbiological | 25 | 20 | No |
| Fecal Coliform | Microbiological | 24 | 24 | No |
| Arsenic | Inorganic | 20 | 20 | No |
How to Check Your Water in Virginia
Enter your ZIP code on ZipCheckup for detailed water system data including contaminant levels, violation history, and safety scores
Request your CCR — every water utility must provide an annual Consumer Confidence Report
Get a home test — certified kits ($20-$50) or professional lab tests ($150-$400)
Consider filtration — NSF-certified filters can address specific contaminants found in your area
EPA Enforcement
The EPA and state regulators have taken 6,530 enforcement actions against water systems in Virginia. Enforcement actions range from compliance assistance to formal orders and penalties.
Data Sources
- Water quality: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS)
- Enforcement: EPA ECHO
Updated daily.
What are EPA violations?
Health-based violations mean a contaminant was detected above the EPA's Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) — the legal limit designed to protect human health. Virginia has 213 such violations across its water systems. Not all violations cause illness, but repeated exceedances increase risk, especially for children and immunocompromised individuals.
Understanding water quality grades
ZipCheckup grades water systems from A to F based on EPA violation history, contaminant levels, and system compliance. Grade A means few or no violations; Grade F indicates persistent or serious issues. Grades are calculated per ZIP code and aggregated at the city, county, and state level.
Wondering about your tap water?
Water quality varies by ZIP code. Enter yours to see contaminant data, violations, and filtration recommendations specific to your area.
Check Your ZIP Code Water Quality →Frequently Asked Questions
Is the tap water safe to drink in Virginia?
Virginia has 1,193 community water systems with 1,610 recorded EPA violations, including 213 health-based. Water quality varies by city and ZIP code — check your specific location for detailed results.
How many water violations does Virginia have?
Virginia has 1,610 total EPA violations across 1,228 ZIP codes. 213 are health-based violations that indicate contaminant levels potentially harmful to human health. The remainder are monitoring or reporting violations.
Which city in Virginia has the worst water quality?
Richmond, VA has the most EPA violations among major cities in Virginia with 195 recorded violations. Check individual ZIP codes for the most accurate picture of your local water quality.
Which city in Virginia has the best water quality?
Isle Of Wight, VA ranks among the best for water quality in Virginia with a grade of A. Multiple cities in Virginia maintain strong EPA compliance records.
What contaminants are found in Virginia drinking water?
Virginia water systems are monitored for over 90 EPA-regulated contaminants including lead, copper, nitrates, disinfection byproducts, and bacteria. The most common violations vary by region — check your ZIP code for contaminant-specific data.