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Lead Exposure Map — U.S. County-Level Lead Risk Scores

Explore lead exposure risk across all 50 states, aggregated from ZIP-level data. Risk scores combine EPA 90th-percentile lead sampling data, pre-1986 housing stock percentage, and service line replacement probability.

22,943 ZIP Codes Analyzed

1 High-Risk States

NY Highest Risk (61)

NV Lowest Risk (26)

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Data: EPA Lead and Copper Rule sampling, U.S. Census housing vintage, CDC blood lead surveillance. Map updated 2026-05-14.

State Lead Exposure Risk Rankings

All states ranked by average lead exposure risk score. Higher scores indicate greater risk.

#	State	Risk Score	Risk Level	Avg 90th-pct lead (ppb)	Pre-1986 Housing	ZIPs
1	NY	61	High	5 ppb	75%	1,239
2	DC	56	Moderate	2 ppb	70%	26
3	MA	56	Moderate	3 ppb	73%	466
4	PA	55	Moderate	4 ppb	76%	1,097
5	SD	55	Moderate	3 ppb	69%	290
6	RI	54	Moderate	2 ppb	77%	70
7	NJ	54	Moderate	3 ppb	72%	545
8	NE	53	Moderate	6 ppb	63%	140
9	IA	52	Moderate	2 ppb	71%	441
10	ND	52	Moderate	2 ppb	72%	196
11	KS	52	Moderate	3 ppb	67%	447
12	WI	51	Moderate	4 ppb	63%	463
13	VT	51	Moderate	2 ppb	66%	146
14	MI	50	Moderate	3 ppb	68%	666
15	IL	50	Moderate	3 ppb	68%	919
16	OH	49	Moderate	11 ppb	69%	899
17	ME	49	Moderate	3 ppb	65%	193
18	IN	48	Moderate	3 ppb	63%	519
19	MN	48	Moderate	3 ppb	64%	464
20	NH	48	Moderate	10 ppb	64%	81
21	CT	48	Moderate	1 ppb	74%	234
22	MO	46	Moderate	3 ppb	62%	843
23	WV	45	Moderate	2 ppb	65%	516
24	OK	45	Moderate	2 ppb	62%	544
25	MT	44	Moderate	4 ppb	55%	66
26	WY	43	Moderate	3 ppb	56%	46
27	CA	43	Moderate	1 ppb	66%	1,436
28	OR	42	Moderate	3 ppb	57%	237
29	MD	40	Moderate	1 ppb	58%	340
30	CO	40	Moderate	3 ppb	49%	282
31	UT	40	Moderate	4 ppb	49%	189
32	WA	40	Moderate	3 ppb	53%	387
33	VA	39	Low	2 ppb	56%	567
34	MS	39	Low	3 ppb	53%	370
35	KY	38	Low	1 ppb	56%	717
36	LA	38	Low	2 ppb	53%	402
37	AR	38	Low	7 ppb	53%	404
38	ID	38	Low	2 ppb	49%	105
39	NM	38	Low	2 ppb	54%	150
40	DE	37	Low	2 ppb	51%	57
41	HI	37	Low	1 ppb	60%	73
42	TN	36	Low	2 ppb	51%	584
43	TX	36	Low	2 ppb	50%	1,577
44	SC	35	Low	2 ppb	49%	352
45	AL	35	Low	2 ppb	52%	515
46	GA	34	Low	2 ppb	46%	584
47	FL	34	Low	2 ppb	47%	915
48	AK	34	Low	0 ppb	57%	20
49	NC	31	Low	1 ppb	49%	725
50	AZ	29	Low	2 ppb	41%	288
51	NV	26	Low	2 ppb	32%	111

Understanding Lead Exposure Risk Scores

The lead exposure risk score (0–100) combines three data sources to assess the likelihood of residential lead exposure in each ZIP code:

EPA 90th Percentile Lead Levels - from Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) sampling at residential taps. The EPA action level is 15 ppb.
Housing Vintage - percentage of homes built before 1986 (when lead solder was banned) and before 1950 (high lead paint risk).
Service Line Probability - estimated likelihood of lead service lines connecting homes to water mains, based on housing age and utility reports.

What You Can Do

If you live in a high-risk area, consider testing your tap water with a certified lab ($15–40 for a DIY kit). Run your tap for 30 seconds before drinking to flush standing water from pipes. For homes built before 1978, get a lead paint inspection before any renovation work.

Data Sources

EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) Lead and Copper Rule data, U.S. Census American Community Survey housing vintage estimates, CDC Childhood Blood Lead Surveillance System. Data updated quarterly.

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