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Lead Exposure Map — U.S. County-Level Lead Risk Scores

Explore lead exposure risk across all 50 states, aggregated from ZIP-level data. Risk scores combine EPA 90th-percentile lead sampling data, pre-1986 housing stock percentage, and service line replacement probability.

23,052 ZIP Codes Analyzed

1 High-Risk States

NY Highest Risk (62)

NV Lowest Risk (27)

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Data: EPA Lead and Copper Rule sampling, U.S. Census housing vintage, CDC blood lead surveillance. Map updated 2026-05-14.

State Lead Exposure Risk Rankings

All states ranked by average lead exposure risk score. Higher scores indicate greater risk.

#	State	Risk Score	Risk Level	Avg Lead (ppb)	Pre-1986 Housing	ZIPs
1	NY	62	High	5 ppb	75%	1,240
2	MA	57	Moderate	3 ppb	73%	466
3	PA	56	Moderate	6 ppb	75%	1,134
4	DC	56	Moderate	2 ppb	70%	26
5	SD	55	Moderate	3 ppb	69%	290
6	RI	55	Moderate	2 ppb	77%	70
7	NJ	55	Moderate	3 ppb	72%	545
8	IL	54	Moderate	5 ppb	68%	919
9	MI	53	Moderate	4 ppb	68%	671
10	IA	53	Moderate	2 ppb	71%	441
11	KS	53	Moderate	3 ppb	67%	447
12	NE	53	Moderate	6 ppb	63%	140
13	WI	52	Moderate	5 ppb	63%	463
14	ND	52	Moderate	2 ppb	72%	196
15	VT	52	Moderate	3 ppb	66%	146
16	OH	51	Moderate	14 ppb	69%	899
17	IN	50	Moderate	4 ppb	63%	521
18	MN	50	Moderate	3 ppb	64%	464
19	ME	50	Moderate	3 ppb	65%	193
20	CT	50	Moderate	1 ppb	74%	234
21	NH	48	Moderate	10 ppb	64%	82
22	MO	47	Moderate	3 ppb	62%	843
23	OK	47	Moderate	3 ppb	62%	544
24	MT	46	Moderate	4 ppb	55%	66
25	WV	45	Moderate	2 ppb	65%	516
26	WY	45	Moderate	3 ppb	56%	46
27	CA	45	Moderate	3 ppb	66%	1,437
28	OR	45	Moderate	4 ppb	57%	237
29	WA	43	Moderate	4 ppb	53%	402
30	MS	42	Moderate	4 ppb	53%	370
31	CO	42	Moderate	4 ppb	50%	290
32	UT	42	Moderate	5 ppb	49%	189
33	DE	41	Moderate	3 ppb	51%	57
34	MD	41	Moderate	2 ppb	58%	341
35	ID	41	Moderate	4 ppb	49%	105
36	NM	41	Moderate	3 ppb	54%	150
37	AK	41	Moderate	2 ppb	57%	20
38	VA	40	Moderate	2 ppb	56%	567
39	KY	40	Moderate	2 ppb	56%	718
40	LA	40	Moderate	3 ppb	53%	402
41	AR	40	Moderate	13 ppb	53%	430
42	SC	38	Low	3 ppb	49%	352
43	TX	38	Low	3 ppb	50%	1,577
44	HI	38	Low	1 ppb	60%	73
45	FL	37	Low	3 ppb	47%	915
46	TN	37	Low	2 ppb	51%	584
47	GA	36	Low	3 ppb	46%	595
48	AL	36	Low	2 ppb	52%	515
49	NC	33	Low	2 ppb	49%	725
50	AZ	32	Low	3 ppb	41%	288
51	NV	27	Low	2 ppb	32%	111

Understanding Lead Exposure Risk Scores

The lead exposure risk score (0–100) combines three data sources to assess the likelihood of residential lead exposure in each ZIP code:

EPA 90th Percentile Lead Levels - from Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) sampling at residential taps. The EPA action level is 15 ppb.
Housing Vintage - percentage of homes built before 1986 (when lead solder was banned) and before 1950 (high lead paint risk).
Service Line Probability - estimated likelihood of lead service lines connecting homes to water mains, based on housing age and utility reports.

What You Can Do

If you live in a high-risk area, consider testing your tap water with a certified lab ($15–40 for a DIY kit). Run your tap for 30 seconds before drinking to flush standing water from pipes. For homes built before 1978, get a lead paint inspection before any renovation work.

Data Sources

EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) Lead and Copper Rule data, U.S. Census American Community Survey housing vintage estimates, CDC Childhood Blood Lead Surveillance System. Data updated quarterly.

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