For residents of Knoxville, TN, a C is a prompt to look up the report for their own ZIP code rather than a verdict on their tap.

Data: EPA SDWIS, FEMA NFIP, Census ACS

Water Quality in Knoxville

We track home safety signals for 31 ZIP codes in Knoxville, Tennessee. EPA community-water data is directly mapped for 18 ZIP codes and 10 water systems.

10 of 18 directly mapped ZIP records with reported violation counts (56%) have recorded EPA violations - 20 total, including no health-based violations in the measured subset.

Average Home Safety Score: C (66/100)

Water sources: Surface water.

Top Contaminants

Lead Risk

• Average of reported 90th-percentile lead results: 0.0011 mg/L
• 0 of 18 ZIP codes with known status exceed the EPA lead action level
• 53% of housing built before 1986 (when lead solder was banned)
• 13% of housing built before 1950 (when lead pipes were standard)
• Median year built: 1980
• Most common estimated pipe material: Copper
• Lead exposure risk score: 36/100
• Estimated lead service line probability: 15%
• 4 ZIP codes classified as high or very high lead risk

With 53% of homes built before the 1986 lead solder ban, Knoxville residents - especially those in older neighborhoods - should consider testing their tap water for lead. Homes built before 1950 are at the highest risk of having lead service lines.

Housing Age Distribution

194,115 total housing units across 31 ZIP codes:

Flood Risk

FEMA National Flood Insurance Program data for Knoxville:

• 543 flood insurance claims on record
• $7,374,804 sum of reported building, contents, and ICC payment components
• 441 claims with payment data
• 102 claims without reported payment fields
• $16,723 average reported component sum among claims with payment data
• Dominant rated-zone value in historical claims: X (other)
• 5 of 18 ZIP codes with claim-zone records have an A/V-family dominant rated zone in those claims
• Claim-zone values are historical insurance records, not a complete current FEMA property-map inventory

Radon Risk

31 of 31 ZIP records with known zones are in EPA Radon Zone 1.

The EPA recommends testing all homes regardless of radon zone. County radon zones cannot replace an in-home radon test.

Neighborhoods by Safety Score

Safest Areas

Areas Needing Attention

What Knoxville Residents Can Do

Test Your Water

• Order a certified lab test - home test kits cost $20–50 and cover lead, bacteria, and common contaminants
• Request your utility's CCR (Consumer Confidence Report) - your water provider must publish this annually
• Check your ZIP code - each area in Knoxville has different water systems and risk levels

Filter Your Water

• NSF-certified pitcher filter removes chlorine taste and some contaminants ($20–40)
• NSF 53-certified filter for lead - recommended for homes built before 1986
• Reverse osmosis system removes 95%+ of contaminants including lead, PFAS, and nitrates ($150–400)

Test for Radon

• Knoxville is in a high-risk radon area
• Short-term radon test kits cost $10–25
• If levels exceed 4 pCi/L, EPA recommends professional mitigation

Stay Informed

• Visit your ZIP code report for detailed, address-level data
• Sign up for EPA water quality alerts
• Review the annual water quality report from your local utility

All ZIP Codes in Knoxville

• 37901
• 37902 [C]
• 37909 [C] - 1 violation
• 37912 [C]
• 37914 [C]
• 37915 [C]
• 37916 [C]
• 37917 [C]
• 37918 [C] - 3 violations
• 37919 [C]
• 37920 [C] - 2 violations
• 37921 [C] - 1 violation
• 37922 [C]
• 37923 [C] - 1 violation
• 37924 [C] - 4 violations
• 37927
• 37928
• 37929
• 37930
• 37931 [C] - 1 violation
• 37932 [C] - 1 violation
• 37933
• 37934 [C] - 2 violations
• 37938 [C] - 4 violations
• 37939
• 37940
• 37950
• 37995
• 37996
• 37997
• 37998

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the tap water safe to drink in Knoxville, TN?

The Home Safety Score is not a drinking-water grade. Knoxville has an average score of 66/100 (grade C) across 18 ZIP codes with complete current-model evidence. Separately, there are 20 recorded EPA violations across 18 directly mapped ZIP records with reported counts, 0 of which are health-based. Check the specific ZIP and serving utility before drawing a water-safety conclusion.

Does Knoxville have lead in the water?

The average of the reported 90th-percentile lead results across the ZIP codes of Knoxville is 0.0011 mg/L, below the EPA action level of 0.015 mg/L. 0 of 18 ZIP codes with known action-level status are served by a system whose 90th-percentile lead result exceeded the EPA action level. About 53% of housing was built before 1986, when lead solder was banned.

Is Knoxville at risk for flooding?

FEMA data shows 543 flood insurance claim records in Knoxville ZIP codes, with an average reported building, contents, and ICC component sum of $16,723 among 441 claims with payment data. 102 claims lack reported payment fields and are not counted as zero. Among 18 ZIP codes with historical claim-zone values, 5 have an A/V-family dominant rated zone in those claims. Claim records do not establish current property-level flood risk; check the FEMA map for a specific address.

Are there lead pipes in Knoxville homes?

53% of Knoxville housing was built before 1986, when lead solder was common in plumbing. 13% was built before 1950, when lead pipes were standard. The most common estimated pipe material is Copper. The estimated probability of lead service lines is 15%. We recommend testing your water if your home was built before 1986.

What contaminants have been found in Knoxville water?

The most common contaminants by violation count are Surface Water Treatment Rule, Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM), Haloacetic Acids (HAA5). Across 18 ZIP codes with directly mapped EPA water data, 10 have recorded EPA violations. Check your ZIP code report for the specific contaminants in your area.

Data Sources

• Water quality: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS)
• Lead/copper: EPA Lead and Copper Rule sampling data
• Housing age: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey
• Flood data: FEMA National Flood Insurance Program
• Lead exposure: Composite risk score based on housing age, water lead levels, and service line estimates
• Radon: EPA Map of Radon Zones

Source reporting periods vary. See each cited source for its publication schedule.

Housing Age Profile

1980

Median Year Built

N/A

Pre-1986 (lead solder era; lead paint banned 1978)

0%

Pre-1970 (Lead Pipes Risk)

Most homes in Knoxville were built after 1986; lead exposure at a tap still depends on its service line and plumbing. Older homes should still be tested.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS B25034.

Knoxville: Lead Risk & Vulnerable Populations

0.0011

mg/L average of reported water-system 90th-percentile lead results (the 0.015 action level applies to each system's result, not to this average)

Why children are most at risk: The CDC states that no safe blood lead level in children has been identified. Children under 6 absorb lead more readily than adults, and even low levels can cause developmental delays, learning difficulties, and behavioral problems.

Available area-level lead records for Knoxville do not determine the lead level at an individual tap. Testing is the only way to confirm your water's lead content.

Sources: EPA Lead and Copper Rule, U.S. Census Bureau ACS, CDC childhood lead poisoning prevention guidelines.

Knoxville: NFIP Claim Records and Water-Quality Context

543

Total FEMA Flood Claims

$16,723

Avg Reported Sum With Payment Data

28%

A/V Share of Claim-Record ZIPs

Historical NFIP data for Knoxville contains 543 flood insurance claims. Among claims with payment data, the average reported building, contents, and ICC component sum is $16,723. Among ZIP codes with claim records, 28% have an A- or V-family dominant rated zone recorded in those historical claims. This is not a complete current FEMA property-map inventory.

How flooding affects water quality: Flood events can introduce sewage, agricultural runoff, and industrial chemicals into water supplies. Even after floodwaters recede, contamination can persist in wells and aging infrastructure.

Claim count does not establish current property risk. Check the exact address in FEMA's current map and obtain a property-specific insurance quote when relevant.

Source: historical FEMA National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) claim records. No current FEMA property-map designation is asserted.